利用GNSS掩星技术监测ENSO信号在大气层的传播

厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)是全球气候变化监测和研究的重要现象。本项目针对目前ENSO监测数据存在全球覆盖不足、空间分辨率较低等问题，在精化处理COSMIC-1/2计划GNSS掩星大气探测数据，并获取全球覆盖的高分辨率分层大气信息的基础上，给出更加精细的ENSO信号在大气层的传播特性，为全球气候变化监测，特别是ENSO监测以及相关研究提供理论方法和数据支持。主要研究内容包括：COSMIC-1/2计划GNSS掩星数据的验证和精化处理；ENSO敏感区域分层大气信息与主要ENSO指数的响应研究；ENSO信号在大气层传播规律的研究；综合GNSS掩星数据和相关地球物理数据进行ENSO期间2-3个极端天气事件的分析。研究成果可为全球气候变化和极端灾害性天气的监测和预警提供科学数据和模型方法，同时为我国自主北斗卫星导航系统和GNSS掩星卫星计划的实施和科学应用提供参考。

El Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) plays an important role in global climate change. The traditional observation techniques for ENSO monitoring cannot meet the demand of the ENSO monitoring in the aspect of resolution and coverage. Since the launch of COSMIC in 2006, The GNSS radio occultation can provide the fine global coverage and high vertical resolution atmospheric information for ENSO monitoring. The main research of this proposal will focus on .(1).the COSMIC-1/COSMIC-2 GNSS radio occultation data validation and processing;.(2).producing of the global coverage, high resolution atmosphere layer data sets based on the COSMIC-1/COSMIC-2 GNSS radio occultation data;.(3).the analysis of the ENSO sensitive zones atmosphere layer information response to the main ENSO index;.(4).the propagation of ENSO signal in atmosphere based on the GNSS radio occultation data;.(5).the analysis of 2-3 extreme climate events based on the GNSS radio occultation and geophysical data..The outcomes of those research will provide scientific references to improve the ability of the global climate change monitoring and the extreme disasters weather alert. Moreover, the results will provide technical supports for the application of the Beidou (Compass) satellite navigation system and GPS occultation projects of China.