硼硅酸盐保温泡沫的耐水性研究

目前，硼硅酸盐保温泡沫由于其杰出的保温绝热性能和低密度成为具有发展潜力的无机外墙保温材料候选。本项目针对硼硅酸盐保温泡沫存在的耐水性问题开展研究，首先利用水玻璃及硼酸和硼酸盐等制备出硼硅酸盐保温泡沫，并深入了解硼硅酸盐保温泡沫的组成结构特征。之后利用水腐蚀实验系统地研究硼硅酸盐保温泡沫与水相互作用机理，建立水腐蚀模型，同时揭示材料组成结构如R2O/B2O3、碱金属氧化物种类、“混合碱效应”、孔隙分布等对实验前后硼硅酸盐保温泡沫的基体结构、溶出液元素成分、质量损失、溶出率等参数的影响规律，进而针对性采取改性措施，改善材料的耐水性能，并对硼硅酸盐保温泡沫的整体性能进行优化。本项目有助于进一步促进硼硅酸盐保温泡沫工业化，并且丰富目前无机保温材料种类，从根本上解决有机外墙保温材料的易燃和消防问题，对于社会公共安全具有重要的现实意义。

At present, borosilicate thermal insulation foam, due to its excellent thermal insulation performance and low density, has the development potential of the inorganic exterior wall thermal insulation material candidates. This research work mainly focuses on the water resistance of the borosilicate thermal insulation foam. Firstly, the borosilicate thermal insulation foam is fabricated using sodium silicate and boric acid/borate as the raw materials, and the composition and structure characteristics of the borosilicate thermal insulation foam are deeply studied. Then the water corrosion test is carried out to research the interaction mechanism of the borosilicate thermal insulation foam and water, and thus the water corrosion model can be established. Moreover, the influence laws of the composition and structure of the borosilicate thermal insulation foam, such as R2O/B2O3, the type of alkali metal oxide, "mixed alkali effect", and the pore distribution, on the substrate structure of the borosilicate thermal insulation foam before and after the experiment, the element composition of the dissolved liquid, the mass loss of the borosilicate thermal insulation foam, and the dissolution rate are also investigated in detail. Finally, based on the above results, the borosilicate thermal insulation foam is modified to improve the water resistance, and then the overall performance of the borosilicate thermal insulation foam is optimized. This research work will help the industrialization of the borosilicate thermal insulation foam, and enrich the inorganic thermal insulation material types. Also, it can fundamentally solve the inflammability and fire control problems of the organic exterior wall thermal insulation materials. Therefore, it has important practical significance for social public safety.