许多临床实践和实验研究表明，针刺对机体的免疫系统具有明显调节作用，然而针刺调节免疫系统功能的机理研究尤其是中枢机理有待深入阐明。小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统的重要组成部分，近年来小胶质细胞在疾病发生发展过程中的作用受到科学家的密切关注。有研究显示小胶质细胞在多种应激源作用下被激活，然而小胶质细胞的激活在创伤应激后免疫紊乱中的作用尚未明确，与电针调控创伤后免疫紊乱中的作用的关系更属未知。MicroRNA 是近年来发现的一类进化保守的小分子RNA，有证据表明中枢特异性表达的miR-124介导了病理状态下小胶质细胞的激活。本课题中，我们拟采用形态学方法结合percoll法在体分离应激相关脑区的小胶质细胞，分析miR-124介导的小胶质细胞激活在电针调整创伤应激大鼠免疫功能中的作用及其调控机制，从新的视角阐释电针调节免疫的中枢机制，也为临床推广应用针灸调节免疫功能提供了新的实验依据。

A large number of clinical and laboratory data indicate that acupuncture could modulate the immune system. However, the mechanisms especially the role of the central nervous system (CNS) undelying the immunoregulatory effect of acupuncture are still unknown. Microglia is one of the important components in the CNS. In recent years, scientists pay close attention to the role of microglia in the process of disease development. It's revealed that microglia could be activated when body comfront stress, but the exactly subsequent event after microglia activation was still not yet clear. The role of microglia activation in the immunoregulatory effect of electroacupuncture need to be elucidated. MicroRNA is belonging to a class of evolutionarily conserved small RNA molecules found in recent years. It has been showed that the central-specific expressed miR-124 mediated the activation of microglia under pathological conditions. In the present study, we intend to use the morphological combination percoll method to isolate microglia cells from different stress-related brain areas in vivo and in ex vivo, to analysis the role of miR-124-mediated microglial activation in the immunoregulatory effect of electroacupuncte on traumatic rats. The study not only illustrates the central mechanisms of immunoregulatory effect of acupuncture from a new perspective, but also provides a new experimental basis for clinical application of acupuncture to regulate the immune-mediated disorder.