由第四纪末次间冰期和末次冰期组成的晚更新世是已知最近一次大的气候旋回，其考古时代横跨旧石器时代的中期和晚期，在研究人类行为与环境耦合关系方面意义重大；该阶段适逢现代人起源的关键时段：经历环境的巨大变迁的考验，在演化进程的转折关头，人类生活方式发生了许多适应性变化，表现为狩猎经济的流行、惯常用火、革新石器工具同时制作骨角器，缝制皮衣，建造营地以及美学创作和精神信仰的发展等等。相比本时段研究内容较为完善的西方，中国北方所在的东亚腹地对已有材料的把握和新材料的利用方面仍较为欠缺，在完整阐释人类演化历史方面处于劣势，极大地妨碍了东西方文化交流关系的对比。为此本课题选择中国北方的6处有代表性的晚更新世遗址，从旧石器文化，古动物，古植物-古生态，年代标尺和行为适应等方面综合探索和诠释中国现代人的起源与发展路线，了解其技术起源和演化的某些机制与贡献，为复原全球变化下的区域生态环境和人类行为提供科学依据。

As so far known the Late Pleistocene consisted of Late Interglacial and Late Glacial in Quaternary is the nearest climatic cycle. The archaeological period of it stretch over the Middle and Upper Paleolithic, which is significantly important in study on reconstruction of human behavior and environmental coupling. Falling upon critical period time of modern human origin and undergoing tremendous change of environment, at this turning point of evolution human life style shifted into many specialization that appeared popularity of hunter-gather economy, usualness of fire use, innovation of stone artifacts as well as making bone or horn implements, making up fur clothing, construction of campsite, new indications of aesthetics creation and spiritual belief, etc. Compare with developed western countries, some aspects of materials grasping and exploitation in China of central East Asia are rather defective and in the dry tree for complete interpreting human evolution. This situation has vastly obstructed comparative study of relationship of the East-West cultural exchange. So, by choosing 6-7 representative Late Pleistocene sites (like Salawusu, Shuidonggou, Wulanmulun, Siyu, Xiaogushan, Yangjiagang, and Upper Cave) in North China the present project tries to make comprehensive exploration and explanatory notes on Chinese Modern Human(CMH) Origin and evolutionary route from fields of Paleolithic culture, paleofauna, paleobotany,archaeobotaby-paleoecolgy, chronological scale and behavioral adaptation, to understand technological origination and evolution including some certain mechanism of CMH, and to provide scientific data for reconstructing the regional ecological environment and human behavior.