黑河流域生态水文响应单元参数化方案研究

空间结构表达与参数化是进行大面积复杂流域分布式生态水文模型研究的热点与难点。生态水文响应单元参数化方案针对生态-水文过程耦合与尺度转换这一科学问题，以水文学、生态学、综合地理学和地理信息科学为理论，以领域知识及黑河已有成果对流域生态水文过程的理解与经验总结为素材，运用分类分级分区、空间分析、尺度诊断等方法:（1）综合黑河流域多尺度气候-植被-土壤-地质-地形地貌分类系统，形成多尺度分类分级方案与指标体系；（2）利用进行适宜性分析后的多尺度参数分区技术（Kumar, et al. 2010）与“客观优选法”（芮孝芳，2013）进行参数化方案构建；（3）基于SWAT模型框架进行生态水文响应单元模型构建；（4）形成以分类系统为框架的适用于黑河流域多尺度生态-水文过程耦合与尺度转换的具体方案。从而为创新的黑河流域生态水文耦合模型提供关键技术与核心部件。

The representation and parameterization schemes of spatial structure for a given watershed at mesoscale have increasingly become one of hot spots and difficult issues on distributed ecohydrological models.In this study,the parameterization schemes on Eco-Hydrological Response Units(EcoHRUs),Which aim at the coupling between given ecological processes and hydrological processes occurred at given scale and the transition between different eco-hydro processes at different spatial scales, will be developed on the basis of the process-understanding and/or empirical evidence from plenty of literatures corresponding to this research fields and/or HeiHe River basin in the context of corresponding theories（e.g. hydrology, ecology, intergrated geography and geographical information science）. By using multiple research methods consisting of spatial analysis, scale diagnosis, grading and classification, this study will devote to (1)constructing multiscale classification schemes and identifying corresponding parameters by intergrading climate，land cover，soil，geological formation and geomorphical systems in the region; (2)building parameterization schemes by appling the techniques of multiscale parameter regionalization developed by Kumar and the objective optimization illustrated by XiaoFang Rui;(3) creating the EcoHRUs based on SWAT model; and finally (4) developing a concrete implementation scheme for coupling eco-hydrological processes at given scale and transition between multiple spatial scales，and then providing the key techniques for the innovative ecohydrological coupling model in Heihe River Basin.