近地小行星碰撞地球是人类面临的生存威胁之一，现在全球的天体撞击事件仍时有发生。与之相关的物质构成、三维尺寸、自转周期等物理性质能够分辨和跟踪有潜在威胁近地小行星。本项目拟利用长春人卫站1.2米光电望远镜及其配套的同时性三通道测光光度计，并搭建一套适用于近地小行星的光谱观测系统，建立适用于近地小行星的同时性多色测光及光谱测量方法，研究近地小行星光谱数据的拟合函数和分类检验方法；结合多色测光和光谱数据研究近地小行星三维形状、自转轴指向、自转周期、表面物质构成等基础物理性质。本项目能够积累近地小行星的观测数据需求，并为我国近地天体监测预警及近地小行星深空探测提供重要数据支持。

The near-earth asteroids (NEAs) impact on the Earth is one of the potential threats to human beings. Nowadays, the collision events by NEAs often happen sometimes. The physical parameters of the NEAs, such as material composition, size, rotation period, is useful to identify and track the potentially hazardous asteroids. This project aims to develop an efficient method to collect and analyze the multicolor photometric and spectral observation of the NEAs, which uses the 3-channel CCD photometer equipped on the 1.2m telescope at Changchun Observatory of National Astronomical Observatories, CAS, and establish a set of spectral observation system of the NEAs. The fitting function and taxonomic classification method will be constructed using the NEAs spectral data. Finally, the shape, rotational axis, period, surface material composition and other parameters of the NEAs will be derived from the data of the multicolor photometric and spectral observation. This project will accumulate the observation data of NEAs. In addition, this project will also be applied to NEAs monitoring and early warning of our country, and provide data support for Chinese deep space exploration mission.