硬模板法合成铀钍化合物纳米材料及其性质研究

开展铀钍化合物纳米材料合成及其性质研究对于新型核燃料的设计、乏燃料的妥善处置以及贫铀核材料的利用等意义重大，而国内外相关研究在合成方法学与工作系统性方面仍处于起步阶段。本项目拟选取合适的硬模板材料（高分子多孔膜模板、多孔阳极氧化铝模板、有序介孔硅模板等）与常规纳米制备技术（电沉积法、纳米浇铸煅烧法等）相结合，合成结构新颖的铀钍化合物纳米材料，通过控制生长条件实现对其形貌和结构的精确调控，同时利用多种分析表征手段对其热稳定性、孔隙率及结晶性等物理化学性质进行系统研究，在此基础上对性能优异的铀钍纳米材料进行测试，探索其应用前景。希望通过该项目的研究能够为铀钍纳米材料的制备方法提供新思路，为揭示尺寸和形状效应对铀钍化合物理化学性质的影响提供有价值的研究经验，同时也为铀钍纳米材料在先进核能系统核燃料循环中的应用提供实验依据。

Studying the synthesis of uranium and thorium based nanomaterials and their material properties is very important to the design of new nuclear fuels, proper disposal of spent fuels and utilization of depleted uranium nuclear materials. However, the relative research so far still lacks systematic investigation on the synthetic methods. In this proposal, we plan to use suitable hard template materials (e.g. polymer nanoporous membrane template, anode alumina oxide template and ordered mesporous silica template etc.), in combine with other general fabrication techniques for nanomaterials (e.g. electrodeposition, nanocasting, etc.), to synthesize uranium and thorium based nanomaterials with novel structures. Accurate control of morphology and structures can be achieved by carefully adjusting the growth parameters. Various analyses and characterizations will be used to investigate the thermal stability, porosity and crystallinity of the uranium and thorium based nanomaterials, and the materials that show novel properties will be further tested for potential applications. We believe that this proposal will provide new ideas for synthesizing uranium and thorium based nanomaterials, unveil the size and shape effect on the physical and chemical properties of uranium and thorium based materials, and provide experimental basis for the applications of uranium and thorium based nanomaterials in the cycling of nuclear fuels in advanced nuclear energy systems.