表型可塑性是生物体应对环境变化而相应改变表型的一种现象，被广泛认为是生物体适应环境压力的一种机制，从而影响其在环境波动下的表现，生态位的宽度和进化的方向。目前我们对表型可塑性的了解还十分有限，特别体现在表型可塑性的适应意义，跨代表现形式和进化规律。雄全植物的雌雄性配置在表现上灵活多样，也经常受环境因子影响，为研究表型可塑性提供了很好的素材。本项目拟选取西番莲作为实验材料，对两性花和雄花的比例和配子投入在不同光照强度、啃食昆虫密度和传粉水平下的变化，雌性和雄性功能的适合度，以及不同环境下产生的子一代植物的生长和两种花型进行测量统计，以期阐明性配置在生物和非生物因子影响下的变化， 亲子代性配置的相关性和适应性。本研究的意义在于揭示雄全植物性配置的表型可塑性规律，认识性配置可塑性的遗传，探索植物在不同环境压力下性配置的进化轨迹，并为性表达的机制和植物繁育系统进化提供线索。

Phenotypic plasticity is a phenomenon that an organism changes its phenotype with the environmental variations. It is thought to be a mechanism for organisms to adapt with environmental stress, therefore influencing the fitness performance under environmental fluctuations, species' ecological breadth and evolutionary trajectories. Despite its significances, we still have limited understanding on phenotypic plasticity. Questions like whether phenotypic plasticity is adaptive, cross-generational or evolvable are still under debate or lack experimental supports. The male and female sex allocation in andromonoecious plants is very flexible, and typically environmental-specific, making it an excellent trait to study phenotypic plasticity. The project plans to use Passiflora incarnata to study the change in the male and hermaphroditic flower ratios, gamete numbers, and female and male fitness under varied light availability, herbivore densities, and pollination levels. The research will also investigate the performances and sex allocation of F1 seeds, offspring of the plants that are put in different ecological settings. This study will elucidate how sex allocation changes with biological and environmental factors, whether it is an adaptive response and the form of cross-generational plasticity. This research helps uncover the pattern of sex allocation plasticity, understand the inheritance of phenotypic plasticity, explore the evolutionary directions of sex allocation under different environmental stress and therefore shed light on the mechanisms of sex expression and plant breeding system evolution.