近视是目前青少年最常见的眼病，近几十年观察到的“近视热潮”不能简单用遗传来解释，而主要归因于视觉环境的变化。既往研究表明，视网膜ON和OFF通路选择性激活在近视发生发展中作用不同。我们前期研究发现自然界和近视患者视觉环境的ON和OFF刺激构成不同，短期阅读ON和OFF刺激失衡（白底黑字或黑底白字）的文本可以引起脉络膜厚度（眼轴变化的前兆）双向变化，人工动态ON和OFF刺激在动物模型中也可产生相同的影响。本研究将在前期研究的基础上，把临床研究和动物实验相结合，从不同屈光发育状态的人和豚鼠近视模型两种层面出发，利用不同形式的ON和OFF视觉刺激，将近视中传统的屈光状态和眼生物学测量同视网膜电生理技术、HPLC技术以及药理学研究相结合，综合阐述视网膜ON和OFF视觉刺激失衡在人和豚鼠近视模型中的作用。该项目有望通过平衡视网膜ON和OFF刺激为近视防控提供新的策略，具有重要的临床价值和社会效益。

Myopia became the most frequent disorder of juvenile eyes, and the "myopia boom" in recent decades can not be explained simply by genetics, but mainly due to changes in the visual environment. In the visual activity, previous studies have shown that selective activation of retinal ON and OFF pathways has different effects in the development of myopia. Our previous studies have found that the composition of ON and OFF stimulation in nature is different from myopia patients, the short-term reading of ON and OFF imbalance stimulation (black text on white background versus white text on black background) can cause a bidirectional change in the choroid thickness (a precursor of growth in eye axis). Our later animal model research about artificial dynamic ON and OFF stimulation achieved good consistency with human study. Base on above, the current project will simultaneously target clinical patients and guinea pig myopia models to explore the imbalance of ON and OFF visual stimulation on the development of myopia. We intend to combine the refractive status and ocular biological measurements of myopia with retinal electrophysiology、 HPLC and pharmacological studies to fully explain the effect of retinal ON and OFF visual stimulation imbalance in myopia development. This project is expected to provide a new strategy for the prevention and control of myopia by balancing retinal ON and OFF stimulation, which has important clinical value and social benefits.