基于全大气耦合模式研究热层金属层的全球时空分布特征

针对热层金属层缺少全球研究的现状，本项目拟通过新开发完成的全大气耦合金属层模式，结合卫星观测和多站点激光雷达的长期金属层探测资料，研究热层金属原子和离子层的全球时空分布特征，及其对太阳活动的响应。通过模式和激光雷达对典型事例的对比研究，探索热层金属层形成的可能机制。利用全球模式和准全球金属层卫星观测数据，尝试获得热层金属原子和离子层的全球分布图。拟利用特定动力版热层金属层模式（SD-WACCM-X-Metal）,通过结合低层大气再分析数据和电离层电磁场分布，研究大气动力学过程以及电磁场对热层金属原子和离子分布的影响。综合分析模式长期模拟结果并与金属层卫星观测数据作对比，研究热层金属层的时序变化和长期趋势变化，尝试理解热层金属原子和离子对太阳活动的响应，探索其向上与电离层相互耦合的机制。

Given the lack of global research on metal layers in the thermosphere, this project will study the global spatiotemporal distribution of metal atom and ion layers in the thermosphere, as well as their response to solar activities through the newly developed whole atmosphere coupled metal layer model (WACCM-X-Metal), combined with satellite observation and long-term metal layer detection data by multisite lidars. The possible mechanism of the formation of the thermosphere metal layers is explored through the comparative study of the typical cases by model and lidar. With the help of the global model and quasi global metal layer data by satellites, we will obtain the global distribution of metal atom and ion layers in the thermosphere. The SD-WACCM-X-Metal model will be used to study the influence of the atmospheric dynamic process and electromagnetic field on the thermosphere metal atom and ion distribution by nudging the reanalysis data of the lower atmosphere and coupling the electromagnetic field in the ionosphere. To understand the response of thermosphere metal atoms and ions to solar activity and explore the mechanism of their coupling with the ionosphere, we will focus on the variations and long-term trend of the thermosphere metal layers by analyzing a long-term simulation of the model and comparing with the satellite observation.