脉冲功率电容器用高储能复合电介质结构性能调控的基础理论与演示验证

脉冲功率装置在现代重大科学研究计划和国防高技术领域等有重要应用，同时具备高功率密度和高能量密度的薄膜介质电容器是脉冲功率电源的关键设备,其核心是研究新型薄膜介质材料及其储能电容器基本性能.由于常规材料介电常数和耐电强度难以同时兼顾的矛盾,严重制约高储能脉冲电容器发展.本项目以脉冲功率电容器用高储能介质材料为研究重点,针对脉冲功率条件下材料结构性能关系的调控以及材料制备技术等开展系统研究,揭示薄膜与金属化电极宏观界面对介电、储能和自愈等性能的影响规律.利用本项目研究的高储能薄膜制备脉冲功率电容器样机,开展复杂电场条件下电介质薄膜和电容器性能的演示验证,预测和检验介质薄膜特性和长期服役特性等.项目将形成一种全新的脉冲功率电容器用高储能复合电介质性能调控的基础理论和方法.成果在产业应用层面有望为薄膜电容器行业带来开创性技术路线升级和新材料,服务于我国脉冲功率技术等诸多领域,预期取得显著经济效益.

Pulse power devices have important applications in modern major scientific research projects and national defense high-tech fields. Film dielectric capacitors with high power density and high energy density are the key equipment of pulse power supply. The core of the device is to study new thin film dielectric materials and the basic properties of energy storage capacitors. The contradiction between dielectric constant and electrical breakdown strength of conventional materials is difficult to take into account at the same time, which seriously restricts the development of high energy storage pulsed capacitors. This project focuses on high energy storage dielectric materials for pulsed power capacitors, and systematically studies the relationship between material structure and properties under pulsed power conditions, as well as the material preparation technology. It reveals the influence of macro-interface between film and metallized electrode on dielectric, energy storage and self-healing properties. The prototype of pulsed power capacitor is fabricated by using high energy storage thin films studied in this project. The performance demonstration of dielectric thin films and capacitors under complex electric field conditions is carried out, and the characteristics of dielectric thin films and long-term service characteristics are predicted and tested. The project will form a new basic theory and method for regulating and controlling the performance of composite dielectrics with high energy storage for pulsed power capacitors. The results are expected to be applied in industry field. The industry brings pioneering technological route upgrade and new materials, and serves many fields such as pulse power technology in China. It is expected to achieve remarkable economic benefits.