探索和建立Apogee小麦BSMV-VIGS体系及利用该体系发现调控穗部性状基因

小麦是世界上最重要的粮食作物之一，其产量三要素包括穗数、穗粒数和千粒重。小麦穗部性状直接影响穗粒数和千粒重。目前对穗部性状研究主要是QTL定位，相关功能基因研究很少。大麦条纹花叶病毒介导的基因沉默体系(BSMV-VIGS)在小麦抗病研究中应用较多，但缺乏一个通用的成熟体系，并且在小麦穗部性状研究中应用很少。Apogee是航天育种突变选育出的短生长周期小麦，生长周期约70天，其生长发育与普通小麦无明显差异，可作为实验室模式小麦材料开展研究。我们计划通过调整农杆菌侵染烟草和烟草转染小麦的条件，建立Apogee中BSMV-VIGS的成熟体系，以期建立一套快速、高效、高通量筛选小麦功能基因的反向遗传学方法。进一步结合小麦穗部突变体和野生型RNAseq数据分析，我们将利用该VIGS体系在Apogee小麦中进行快速筛选，鉴定出调控穗部性状的功能基因，再结合稳定转基因植株的分析和关联分析验证其功能。

Wheat is one of the most important food in the world. The three key factors regulating wheat yield include spikes, grain numbers and thousand kernel weight. Wheat spike traits directly influence grain numbers and thousand kernel weight. Recently, OTL mapping is mainly used in researches about spike traits, few reports about related functional genes. Barley stripe mosaic virus induced gene silencing (BSMV-VIGS) is mostly used in wheat disease-resistance research, but a general and mature system is absent, and it is hardly used in studies about wheat spike traits. Apogee is a wheat selected from space mutation with short growth cycle, about 70 days, which has no difference in growth and development with common wheat, can be used as a model wheat variety in laboratory. We planned to adjust conditions during Agrobacterium-infect-tobacco and tobacco-transfection-wheat, to establish a mature BSMV-VIGS system in Apogee, a rapid, efficient and high throughout reverse genetics method to screen wheat functional genes. Furthermore, combined with RNAseq data analysis about wheat spike mutant and wild type, we will use this VIGS system to carry out rapid screening in Apogee, to identify genes related with spike traits, validate target genes function by analysis of transgenic plants and association analysis.