基于基因组学的团头鲂铁代谢基因功能解析及其与抗病性状的相关性

近年来，我国养殖鱼类生长性状遗传选育工作已取得了很大的进展，但由于种质退化导致抗病能力下降，病害频发，严重阻碍着我国水产养殖业的可持续发展，有关抗病育种相关研究亟待进行。铁代谢基因在宿主与细菌的铁争夺战中起着重要作用，而对鱼类铁代谢相关基因功能及其与抗病性状的相关性尚不清楚。本项目拟以团头鲂这种对嗜水气单胞菌极为敏感的鱼类为研究对象，在前期基因组数据基础上，筛选获得铁代谢相关基因，通过对基因进行生物信息学分析、物理定位和连锁图谱定位，确定基因结构、包含的遗传信息以及与上下游基因之间的关系。利用重组蛋白体外抑菌、过量表达和RNA沉默干扰、启动子分析等手段研究基因的功能。对这些基因的SNP位点进行筛选、关联分析及验证，以明确基因多态性与团头鲂抗病性状的相关性。研究不仅将丰富对鱼类铁代谢基因功能的认识，有助于鱼类细菌性败血症的预防和治疗，并可为鱼类抗病育种提供理论依据。

Recently, great progress on genetic improvement of growth traits has been made in farmed fish, but decrease of the disease-resistant ability caused by germplasm degradation, seriously hamper the sustainable development of aquaculture industry in our country. Researches on genetic improvement of disease resistance are urgent to carry out. Iron metabolism related genes play important roles in the battle for iron between host and bacteria, while their function and correlation with disease resistance trait in fish is still unclear. Based on previous genomics data and using Megalobrama amblycephala as the research object, this project aims to identify gene structure and genetic information of the iron-related genes and clarify the relationship with their upstream and downstream genes, by bioinformatics analysis, physical and linkage map location. Using in vitro acteriostasis experiment of the recombinant proteins, excessive expression and RNA interference techniques at the cellular level, and promoter analysis to illuminate the gene function. In addition, we aim to clearify correlation between gene polymorphism and disease resistent trait by screening iron-related gene SNPs, correlation analysis and SNP verification. The results will enrich the understanding of the function of these iron metabolism related genes, help to prevent and treat bacterial haemorrhagic septicaemia, and to provide a theoretical basis for genetic improvement of disease resistance in fish.