小麦蚕豆间作调控小麦白粉病抗性的氮代谢分子机制

白粉病是影响小麦产量和品质的世界性病害，氮肥施用及氮代谢与小麦白粉病发生密切相关。小麦蚕豆间作能提高小麦产量、控制白粉病的发生。前期研究表明，间作改变了小麦氮代谢，且氮代谢改变影响白粉病的发生。但，间作系统氮代谢特征尚不清楚，间作调控氮代谢进而介导小麦抗性的机制尚不明晰。本研究通过大田试验和盆栽试验，以小麦蚕豆间作体系为研究对象，在接种/不接种白粉病菌下，以间作调控小麦氮代谢、介导小麦抗氧化反应、降低小麦白粉病发生的机制为主线，采用LC-MS检测结合RT-qPCR分子手段等方法，系统研究不同氮水平下，间作小麦的氮代谢(氮吸收利用、氮代谢产物、氮代谢关键酶(GS/GOGAT))特征；解析间作小麦氮代谢关键基因的克隆及表达；揭示间作调控小麦氮营养-介导小麦抗性-降低白粉病的氮代谢分子机制。研究对全面理解生物多样性维持农田生态系统稳定性、实现小麦可持续生产、节肥减药具有重要的理论和现实意义。

Powdery mildew caused by Blumeria gramins f.sp.tritici is one of the most devastating foliar diseases for wheat in the world, which severely influences yield and quality of wheat. Nitrogen application and nitrogen metabolism influence occurrence of wheat powdery mildew. Wheat and faba bean intercropping is an effective practice to enhance the yield of wheat and control the occurrence of wheat powdery mildew. Former researches illustrated that wheat and faba bean intercropping could regulate nitrogen metabolism of wheat, and the occurrence of wheat powdery mildew closely related to changing nitrogen metabolism in intercropping system. However, the characteristic of nitrogen metabolism in intercropping is still unclear. How intercropping regulates nitrogen metabolisms and induces the resistant response of wheat is unknown. The present study focus on intercropping regulates nitrogen metabolisms-induces antioxidant response -decreases powdery mildew in wheat and faba bean intercropping system through fields and pots experiments in green house with inoculation and non- inoculation of Blumeria gramins f.sp.tritici under different nitrogen levels. Some key methods and techniques for monitoring dynamic processes and related parameters in the nitrogen metabolites are adopted including LC-MS and RT-qPCR. The main objectives of the present study are to systematically investigate the characteristics of nitrogen metabolisms in intercropping wheat including nitrogen uptake and utilization, nitrogen metabolites, activity of key enzymes related to nitrogen metabolism (GS/GOGAT), clarify encoded gene related to nitrogen metabolism of intercropping wheat and transcriptional gene expression analysis, and reveal the nitrogen metabolism mechanism in intercropping regulates wheat nitrogen nutrition, induces wheat resistance and decreases diseases occurrence .The research is of scientific and practical importance not only for comprehensive understands biodiversity maintains stability of agro-ecosystem, but also for realizes sustainable production of wheat and reduces fertilizers and fungicides.