异丙甲草胺在防控水田一年生禾本科杂草的同时可导致水稻幼苗药害，使水稻减产。安全剂可有效解除除草剂对作物的药害，但确切机理尚未阐明，多认为与作物体内主要解毒酶系如P450单氧化酶、谷胱甘肽转移酶(GST)、多药抗性蛋白(MRP)转运体等活力相关；而且安全剂解毒与信号转导通路之间的关系，迄今国内外尚无报道。本课题组首次发现植物源山椒素可缓解异丙甲草胺对水稻幼苗的药害，在前期实验中，我们发现受异丙甲草胺药害的水稻经过山椒素处理后，其体内GST酶活力有较大提高，推测山椒素对药害水稻GST可能具有诱导作用。为此，我们将模拟水稻药害与解毒模型，运用分子生物学、酶联免疫等技术，从生物表型-蛋白质-核酸-信号转导四个层次，研究GST表达增加对山椒素缓解水稻幼苗伤害的影响及其信号转导通路。本课题将从新的视角阐明安全剂解毒的分子机理，对发现高效、低毒/无毒的除草剂以及植物源安全剂具有重要的理论指导意义。

Metolchlor can easily damage the rice seedlings when it controls the annual gramineous weed in paddy, which results in reducing the yield of crops. Applying herbicide safeners is the most effective measure to resolve this issue, but the precise protective mechanism has not been elucidated thoroughly, most researchers consider that it is related to the activity of the detoxifying enzymes in crops such as P450, GST and MRP. Moreover, to date there is no paper about the relationship between the safener detoxification and signal transduction pathway in the injured crops. In our former research, we observed that the sanshools from Szechuan pepper could alleviate effectively injured rice seedlings caused by metolachlor, and the GST activity was obviously increased in the injured rice treated with sanshools, which indicated that sanshools may induced the increase. To investigate how the increasing of GST activity affect the protection of the rice injuried by metolachlor and how the signal transduction pathway works, we intend to simulate a model of injured rice and the detoxified effect, apply the modern biological technologies such as molecular biology and ELISA at the levels of biological phenotype, protein, nuclear acid and signal transduction. This study will explain the molecular mechanism of safener detoxification in a new vision, which will be of very important theoretical significance and potential application value for finding out the highly efficient and low toxic or non-toxic herbicides and botanical safeners.