逆断层深、浅部几何结构的复杂性对于我们认识地震破裂机制、断层及地表褶皱的运动模式带来了很大的挑战，进而制约了地震危险性的准确评价。本项目拟以1985年乌恰Mw7.0级地震为切入点，基于航空和卫星影像，以现代遥感与大地测量技术为手段，获取断层三维同震形变和地表几何参数、特征地貌的断层位错丛集以及震后形变过程。在完整的三维同震形变和三维断层几何模型约束下，进行破裂机制研究，充分揭示发震逆断层深、浅部几何变化对破裂模式的影响；通过同震、震后形变的联动观测构建断层滑动模型，揭示逆断层深部滑动如何影响地表褶皱的生长过程；通过震后长期形变观测，确定发震逆断层的震后变形方式，从而界定断层目前所处的孕震阶段；利用断层位错丛集，重构历史地震累积位移分布模式，分析发震断层的长期运动学特征，确定地震复发模式进而评估未来地震危险性。研究成果对于认识逆断层及相关褶皱演化，及评价该区域未来地震危险性有非常重要的意义。

The geometric complexity in strike and dip of thrust fault poses great challenges for us to understand the mechanism of seismic rupture, and the kinematics of faults and related folds, which limits our estimation for the earthquake potential. Aerial and satellite data are processed to obtain 3D co-seismic deformation and near-surface geometric parameters, offset clusters on geomorphological markers and post-earthquake time-series deformation for the 1985 Wuqia Mw7.0 earthquake by means of modern remote sensing and Geodetic technologies. Constrained by complete 3D co-seismic deformation and 3D fault geometry model, the rupture mechanism of this instrumental earthquake is investigated to fully reveal the control of geometric variaitons in strike and dip of fault on seismic rupture; the fault slip model is constructed by the co-seismic and post-seismic dynamic observation to reveal how the deep slip on the fault plane affects the growth of surface folds; the long-term InSAR time-series observation after the earthquake are used to investigate the post-seismic slip behavior of the seismogenic fault, which will provide us an information about its present-day phase in earthquake cycle; and offset clusters of geomorphological markers on the fault are utilized to reconstruct the distribution pattern of cumulative displacement of historical earthquakes, which will improve our understanding about the long-term kinematics of the seismogenic fault, and the estimation for recurrence intervals and potential of the earthquake. The results are very important for understanding the evolution of thrust faults and related folds, and evaluating the future seismic risk in this region.