面向要地净空防御的“低小慢”目标辨识跟踪关键技术研究

本项目面向公共安全运行中的要地空域防护、飞行航运安全、反恐维稳等净空防御安防领域，均对高威胁难发现“低小慢”无人飞行器进行高时效准确的辨识跟踪有着迫切需求，以提高对“低小慢”目标净空防御过程精准化、智能化程度为牵引，研究光学成像净空防御系统“低小慢”目标辨识跟踪过程中的若干关键科学问题。本项目通过分析“低小慢”目标宽幅低分辨搜索、窄幅高分辨辨识、和窄幅高分辨跟踪三个功能阶段的任务及目标处理特点，层次递进开展三项关键技术攻关：面向“低小慢”目标宽幅低分辨搜索的高置信感知模型研究、面向“低小慢”目标窄幅高分辨辨识的小样本轻量级辨识网络研究、及面向“低小慢”目标窄幅高分辨稳定跟踪的增强多域卷积网络研究。拟通过该项目研究，构建多模态协同的大视场复杂空域“低小慢”目标辨识跟踪模型，并开展实物搭载验证。为后续高准确、高时效的光学净空防御系统提供关键技术支撑，及军民融合典型安全应用示范。

This project is aimed at the important areas of air defense and security in public safety operation, such as airspace protection, flight safety, anti-terrorism and stability maintenance. It is urgent to identify and track the low and slow UAVs with high efficiency and accuracy, which are difficult to find in high threat. In order to improve the precision and intelligence of the "low, small and slow" target clearance defense process, some key scientific issues in the process of identification and tracking of "low, small and slow" target in optical imaging clearance defense system are studied. By analyzing the tasks and the characteristics of target processing in three functional stages of "low-small-slow" target wide-band low-resolution search, narrow-band high-resolution identification, and narrow-band high-resolution tracking, this project carries out three key technical tasks step by step: high confidence perception model for "low-small-slow" target wide-band low-resolution search, small sample for "low-small-slow" target narrow-band high-resolution identification. The lightweight identification network and the enhanced multi-domain convolution network for narrow-range, high-resolution and stable tracking of "low, small and slow" targets are studied in this paper. Through the research of this project, a multi-modal cooperative target identification and tracking model in large field of view and complex airspace is constructed, and the physical carrier verification is carried out. It provides the key technology support for the follow-up optical clearance defense system with high accuracy and high efficiency, and demonstrates the typical security application of civil-military integration.