新婚是家庭形成发展的第一个关键期，对婚姻关系的走向具有非常重要的作用，而夫妻互动和情绪情感又是影响婚姻关系最为关键的因素。尽管现有研究已取得了一些成果，但尚未深入探讨夫妻互动变化，特别是互动行为到模式的转变过程，及其对婚姻关系的影响和机制；此外，这方面的认知神经机制研究也大多停留在单脑水平，不能很好反映夫妻的真实互动。为此，本研究将分两个子研究，综合使用问卷调查、行为观察、情绪情感识别和fNIRS技术对结婚1年内没有孩子的新婚夫妻展开为期2年的追踪：研究一将对300对被试进行4次问卷调查，探讨新婚夫妻互动变化对婚姻关系的影响，以及情绪情感的中介作用；研究二采用行为观察、情绪情感识别和fNRIS技术对子研究一中的50对夫妻开展4次行为观察任务，并收集fNRIS数据，探讨双脑同步性与互动和情绪情感的动态关系，及其在互动影响婚姻关系中的中介作用。

The newlywed period is the key beginning of the family life cycle. The dynamics established in this early period have been demonstrated to have prominent and far-reaching influences on the developmental trajectories of marital relationship. Among various factors, couple interactions, emotions and affections have been considered to have the most critical implications for relationship well-being. Yet, there is a lack of research focusing on how couple interactive behaviors become interactive patterns over time and the mechanisms via which such processes may affect couple relationship well-being. In addition, limited by the development of techniques, previous research examining the neural bases for these associations has predominantly collected brain activity data from only one spouse based on simulated couple interactions (i.e., single-brain measurement) rather than from the two partners in a couple in their “real” interactions, which has precluded researchers from obtaining a more nuanced and accurate understanding of the “real” dyadic, marital interactive processes. To fill these gaps, the proposed project (2 studies) will utilize self-report survey, behavioral observation, and emotion identification and fNRIS techniques to follow newlywed couples (within one year of their wedding and without children) across two years. In the first study, four waves of survey assessments will be conducted among 400 couples and the data will be used to examine the association between the changes in couple interactive processes and marital well-being, and the potential mediating roles of marital emotions and affections. In the second study,four waves of behavioral observation and emotion identification and fNRIS assessments will be conducted among 50 couples (as a subgroup of the 300 couples in study 1). The data will be used to examine the dynamic associations between the synchrony of two spouses’ brain activities when interacting with each other and their emotions and affections, and also test if these processes mediate the influences of couple inactions on marital well-being