黄海近岸厌氧环境纤毛虫的生物多样性研究

近二十年来有关极端环境纤毛虫的研究一直是国际原生动物学领域的热点之一。厌氧纤毛虫为各类无氧环境中细菌和有机碎屑的主要消费者，在厌氧微食物网的物质循环和能量流动以及营养向经典食物网的传递中扮演重要的枢纽角色。然而，因诸多原因，国内外有关海洋自由生厌氧纤毛虫的生物多样性研究极为缺乏。本项目拟以黄海海岸带为主要采样区域，利用传统的显微观察和细胞学染色方法结合电镜和基因测序等现代技术,开展厌氧纤毛虫的多样性、形态与分子分类、时空分布、DNA建库及有关高级阶元的分子系统发育关系研究等，从而填补我国温带海区该特殊生态类群的研究空白，为环境微生物学和生态学等研究及生物监测工作、《中国海洋原生动物志》的撰写提供重要的基础信息，同时为国际基因库信息积累做出建设性的贡献，并为真核细胞生物线粒体的起源和进化问题的解答提供有益的参考。

Research on ciliates in extreme environment has been one of the hot spots in the field of international Protozoology in the past 20 years. Anaerobic ciliates are the main consumers of bacteria and organic detritus in various anoxic conditions, and play important pivotal roles in matter cycle and energy flow of anaerobic microbial food web and nutrient transfer to the classical food web. However, due to many reasons, free-living, anaerobic ciliates is very much poorly known at home and abroad in terms of biodiversity. The current project will carry out study on diversity, morphological and molecular taxonomy, spatial and temporal distributions, DNA bank construction, molecular systematics of anaerobic ciliates from coastal area in the Yellow Sea using traditional microscopic observation and cytological staining methods as well electronic microscopy, gene sequencing techniques. The main aims are: to fill in the gaps of study of this special ecological group in China temperate area, to supply the basic data about these poorly known forms, and contribute to the related fields, e.g. environmental microbiology, ecology, biomonitoring and phylogeny etc. In addition, this work might contribute to the construction of international gene database.