有机系锂–空电池中氧还原（Li2O2形成）/氧析出（Li2O2分解）反应动力学较低，氧还原产物Li2O2的电导率低且与导电碳、粘结剂等反应性较强，因此开发高性能的催化电极是目前锂–空电池面临的重大挑战之一。本项目将研究Pd基纳米晶/氧化物阵列电极的可控制备及该电极对Li2O2生长/分解的引导机制。研究内容包括三个方面：(1)制备条件对Pd基纳米晶/氧化物阵列电极微结构的影响机制，实现阵列电极的可控制备；(2)Pd纳米晶的形态特别是暴露晶面对Li2O2引导生长/分解的作用机制及氧化物载体的特性（晶体结构、自身催化性等）对该机制的协同作用；（3）Li2O2的引导生长/分解行为对锂–空电池电化学性能的影响机制。将电化学测试与非原位及原位（原位TEM）表征相结合，揭示催化电极的组分与微结构、Li2O2的生长/分解行为、锂–空电池性能三者的内在联系。在此基础上，优化催化电极的设计。

In the organic Li-air batteries, the oxygen reduction reactions (ORR, Li2O2 formation) and oxygen evolution reactions (OER, Li2O2 decomposition) show low kinetics, and the ORR product Li2O2 is insulating and highly reactive with conductive carbon, binder etc. Therefore, developing high-performance catalytic electrodes still remains one of the great challenges for Li-air batteries. In this project, the controlled preparation of Pd-based-nanocrystal/oxide array electrodes and their directing mechanism for Li2O2 growth/decomposition will be investigated. The research project includes three aspects: (1) The effect of preparation conditions on the microstructure of Pd-based-nanocrystal/oxide array electrodes will be studied to achieve the controlled synthesis of the electrodes; (2) the effect of the morphology of the Pd-based nanocrystals, especially the exposed facets, on the growth/decomposition of Li2O2, and the synergistic effect of the characteristics (the crystalline structure, catalytic property, etc) of the oxide supports will be investigated; (3) the effect of the directed Li2O2 growth and decomposition behaviors on the electrochemical performance of Li-air batteries will be investigated. The intrinsic relationships between the components and microstructures of catalytic electrodes, Li2O2 growth/decomposition behaviors, and the performance of Li-air batteries will be clarified based on the combined electrochemical tests and ex-situ/in-situ (in situ TEM) characterizations. The catalytic electrodes will be optimized according to the above research results.