周围神经放射性损伤的组织工程化修复及早期MRI监测

放射性治疗是人类肿瘤治疗的主要方法，但临床治疗过程中常可能出现不同程度的神经损伤。放射性周围神经损伤是医生及病人所需面对的严重治疗并发症，治疗困难、治疗效果不理想、甚至导致残疾的发生，将会严重影响患者的肿瘤治疗效果和生活质量。在本项目申请人博士期间研究工作基础上，拟在与人类周围神经损伤相近的大鼠坐骨神经损伤模型中，以生物可降解几丁质神经导管为支架，骨髓间充质干细胞为支持细胞，对周围神经放射性损伤进行组织工程化修复。同时，使用神经特异性对比剂进行磁共振神经成像，连续纵向观察组织工程化移植物修复后周围神经损伤、再生修复的状况，并与神经T2时间定量测量相对比，探讨周围神经放射性损伤后再生修复、早期无创伤性的活体成像方法。本研究所进行的探索将为神经放射性损伤的基础研究、临床实践工作提供一种新的组织工程化修复方法、以及可靠的活体影像学评估手段。

Many cancer patients receive some form of radiation as part of their cancer therapy; therefore, this provides a greater opportunity for radiation injuries of the peripheral nerves to develop. Peripheral neuropathy, as a consequence of radiation therapy, is difficult to treat and with poor prognosis. The radiation injuries may even lead to the occurrence of disability. This science project is based on the priliminary works and article about peripheral nerve repair written by the applicant in this year, and the purpose of this study was to observe the longitudinal changes of nerve repair with chitosan nerve conduits with cultured mesenchymal stem cells in rat model of radiation-induced neuropathy. During nerve injury and repair, the peripheral nerve changes will be monitored by using never-specific contrast agent enhanced MR imaging and T2 relaxation time measurements. The exploration of this study may potentially be used to monitor the peripheral nerve changes (in vivo) after radiation injury at the early period,the tissue-engineered construct may have the potential to be used clinically as well.