锡基合金具有比容量高和安全性好等优点，被认为是商业化锂离子电池碳负极材料的最理想替代物之一。但是，该类材料存在循环稳定性差以及高倍率充放电性能差这两个亟待解决的问题，目前还不能满足交通和储能用动力电池的需求，这制约了锡基合金在锂离子动力电池中的实际应用。针对上述问题，本项目提出以锡基氰胶体系为前驱体制备三维纳米多孔锡基合金，作为锂离子电池负极材料的新思路。利用三维纳米多孔结构改善锡基合金的循环稳定性和倍率特性，并通过合金组分设计以及碳包覆等改性途径进一步调控并优化其储锂性能，以此获得可用于锂离子动力电池负极的高性能锡基合金，并揭示相关的物理化学机制。本项目的实施对于推进锡基合金负极材料的实用化及锂离子动力电池的产业化具有重要的理论和实际意义。

Owing to their high specific capacities and safety, tin-based alloys have been considered to be one of the most promising anodic candidates to replace commercial carbon anodes in Li-ion batteries. However, state-of-the-art anodic performances of tin-based alloys are not satisfactory because of their poor cycling stability and rate capability, which hinder their practical application in Li-ion power batteries for transportation and stationary energy storage. To overcome these difficulties, in this project we propose to fabricate three-dimensional (3D) nanoporous tin-based alloys as anodes, using tin-based cyanogel systems as precursors. The 3D nanoporous structure is beneficial for enhancing the cycling stability and improving the rate capability of alloy systems. Furthermore, their lithium storage capabilities will be modified and optimized through the compositional design and carbon coating approaches, with the purpose of obtaining advanced tin-based alloy anodes for Li-ion power batteries, as well as revealing the physicochemical mechanism. The implementation of this project will pave the road for the practical application of tin-based alloy anodes and industrialization of Li-ion power batteries.