趋同适应与趋异适应是植物适应环境条件的两种不同策略，二者共同作用影响着植物空间分布格局和群落组成的变化。已有研究表明，在植物进化过程和环境梯度上，都存在着趋同与趋异适应，但我们仍不清楚的是，植物在进化过程中的趋同与趋异适应与在环境梯度上的趋同与趋异适应，其变化特征有何特点和不同，以及进化过程中的趋同与趋异适应和环境梯度上的趋同与趋异适应，是否存在着内在联系。本项目以准噶尔荒漠中一年生短命植物为研究对象。通过样带调查方法在对植物多样性、地上和地下性状进行测定的基础上，结合谱系生态学和功能生态学的研究方法，重点研究和比较一年生短命植物地上、地下性状在进化过程和环境梯度上的趋同与趋异适应，并探讨进化过程中趋同和趋异适应和环境梯度上趋同与趋异适应之间的内在关系及其相关的生态学意义。研究结果对深入理解荒漠植物的适应策略和荒漠地区植物多样性维持，有重要的理论价值。

Convergent adaptation and divergent adaptation are two different adaptive strategies for plants and conjunctly determined the pattern of plant spatial distribution and community composition. Previous studies have demonstrated that convergent and divergent adaptation could appear both along evolutionary processes and along environmental gradient. However, our knowledge about the difference in pattern and linkage with the convergent and divergent adaptation that appeared along evolutionary processes and along environmental gradient is rare. In this project, we used the annual ephemeral plants in Junggar desert as research target to explore, compare and examine the possible linkage between the convergent and divergent adaptation that appeared along evolutionary processes and occurred along environmental gradient by measuring some key above- and below-ground trait along a transect. Our results not only have important implication for better understanding the adaptive strategy in desert condition, but also have significant value in maintaining and conserving plant diversity in desert condition.