空间反交会威胁预警与博弈路径规划

随着交会对接技术的日益成熟，与非合作航天器自主交会，然后实施软杀伤或抓捕成为在轨航天器面临的严峻威胁。为应对这一威胁，本项目提出反交会任务这一全新概念，针对当前威胁预警、规避路径规划、博弈路径规划等方面研究的不足，系统开展反交会威胁预警与路径规划方面的基础科学问题研究。项目将提出综合使用高斯和模型方法和动态预警门限的航天器威胁评估计算方法，解决现有的基于碰撞概率航天器威胁预警中的概率冲淡问题，有效实现对低速长时间接近航天器的高精度预警；提出兼顾威胁性和可观测性的反交会单边多目标路径规划方法，有效拓展了现有的航天器规避机动规划方法；首次将时延因素纳入航天器追逃微分对策建模与求解中，提出有效解决双边最优控制高维两点边值问题的数值算法。项目研究有效拓展空间交会研究范畴，有望在国内外率先建立起较为系统的反交会威胁预警与路径规划理论方法体系，并可为实际反交会任务实施提供较强工程参考。

As the rendezvous and docking (RVD) technology gradually becomes mature, it is a severe threat that a spacecraft would be able to rendezvous with another uncooperative spacecraft and carry out soft attacking or catching activities. To deal with this threat, a new concept, i.e. anti-rendezvous, is proposed. Two aspects of basic science including the anti-rendezvous threat warning and anti-rendezvous path planning are studied, based on the deficiencies of current studies on the threat warning, evading path planning, and game path planning. First, based on the Gaussian sum model and the dynamical warning threshold, a evaluating calculation method for spacecraft approaching threat is proposed, which can conquer the probability dilution problem of the current methods on spacecraft threat warning using collision probability and can effectively carry out high-precision threat warning of low-speed long-term approaching spacecraft. Second, for unilateral anti-rendezvous problems, a multi-objective optimization approach considering both the threat and the observability is proposed, which can effectively extend the current spacecraft evading-maneuver planning methods. Third, the time-delay effect is introduced for the first time into the modeling and solving for the differential game of spacecraft chasing and escaping, and a numerical algorithm solving the bilateral optimal control of high-dimension two-point-boundary-value-problems is proposed. This study can extend the research domain of space rendezvous, would be the first to build the anti-rendezvous threat warning and path planning system of theory and method, and can provide a powerful reference for carrying out practical anti-rendezvous missions.