花岗岩废渣分步烧结轻质釉面微晶玻璃及其发泡和析晶机理研究

花岗岩开采与加工产生大量废渣，生产轻质釉面微晶玻璃可以实现废渣资源化利用，且制品具有隔热保温和装饰性，适用于建筑节能材料。本项目以花岗岩废渣为主要原料，采用原料粉体分步烧结，通过低温致密烧结、高温釉烧发泡以及降温热处理析晶，制备出钙长石为主晶相的轻质釉面微晶玻璃。主要研究内容：系统研究花岗岩粉体低温烧结工艺对烧结致密度和晶相组成的影响，分析烧结行为与烧结动力学，揭示烧结致密化机理与物相转变机制；研究高温釉烧工艺对气孔结构（气孔形貌、孔径分布和孔隙率）的影响，阐明釉面的成釉规律与多孔基体的气泡形核生长机理，探索气孔结构调控机制；研究降温热处理时钙长石形核生长的析晶机理，探究表面成釉与钙长石析晶的内在联系；结合多孔材料结构-性能理论分析，调整原料组分与烧结工艺制度，优化气孔结构与晶相组成，制备轻质高强度釉面微晶玻璃，为花岗岩废渣规模化高附加值利用提供理论指导和技术支撑。

Granite mining and processing produce large amounts of waste residues. The production of light-weight and glazed glass-ceramics could realize the resource utilization of granite waste, and the product possesses the thermal insulation and decorative characteristics, suitable for the energy-saving building materials. In this project, the granite powder is used as the main raw material, light-weight and glazed glass-ceramics with the anorthite phase as the main crystal phase are prepared by the stepwise sintering process, including the dense sintering at low temperatures, the glaze firing at high-temperatures and the crystallization thermally treated in the cooling process. The main researches include the following aspects. The effect of low temperature sintering process on the densification and crystal phase composition is systematically investigated to analyze the sintering behavior and sintering kinetics of granite powder, reveal the sintering densification mechanism and phase transformation mechanism. The influence of the high temperature glaze firing process on the pore structure (pore morphology, pore size distribution and porosity) is studied to clarify the glaze formation and the bubble nucleation growth mechanism of the porous matrix, thus exploring the controlling mechanism of the pore structure. The crystallization mechanism of anorthite phase is analyzed on the basis of the nucleation and growth processes in the thermal treatment at the cooling stage. Also, the relationship between surface glaze formation and anorthite crystallization is revealed. After the structure-performance theoretical model of porous materials is analyzed, the pore structure and crystal composition are optimized by adjusting the raw material composition and the sintering process, thus preparing the light-weight, high-strength and glazed glass-ceramics. These researches provide the theoretical guidance and technical support for the scalable and high value-added utilization of granite waste.