基于水体光学特征谐波分析的温排水遥感监测基准温度场构建研究

核电在我国正式进入积极推进建设时期，而核电温排水对周边水域环境影响的遥感监测与评估不仅为核电机组的规划、建设、运行等过程提供重要决策依据，同时也对海域水质和生态保护具有重要价值。本项目基于发电前长时间序列数据，对影像空间和时间特征进行聚类、分割以及谐波变换，探索光照、潮汐等规律性自然要素和天气、风浪等非规律性自然要素对海表温度影响贡献的解耦以及发电后再耦合的机理；构建一种具有理论和数理基础的温排水遥感监测基准温度场提取方法，解决当前遥感监测过程中基准温度提取存在的主观性，弥补用单一数值作为整个基准温度场不能客观反映温排水空间特征的缺陷；基于对星地同步水面实测的“温度-深度”和“盐度-深度”垂直廓线异常特征识别，解决受温排水热污染影响而无法直接对基准温度场进行真实性检验的技术问题。通过本项目研究，将进一步完善温排水遥感监测理论基础和方法，为我国核电事业的健康发展提供有力的环境监测与保护支撑。

China is entering a period which is actively promoting the construction of nuclear power, the remote sensing monitor and evaluation of the effect on the surrounding water environment from the nuclear power warm discharge water not only provides important basic decision support for the processes of planning, construction and operation of nuclear power units, but also has great value of the protection of the water quality and ecological in the sea area. This project based on the long time series data before power generation, then clustering, segment and harmonic transform the spatial and temporal characteristics of the image, explore the decoupling mechanism and the coupling mechanism after power generation of the contribution which has the influence of the sea surface temperature from the regular natural factors (light, tide and so on) and the nonregular natural factors(weather, wind wave and so on); and construct a novel method which has the theoretical and mathematical basis that extract the datum temperature field of the warm discharge water remote sensing monitoring, then solve the subjectivity problem of the datum temperature extraction in the process of remote sensing monitoring at present, and make up the defect that cannot objectively reflect the spatial characteristics of the warm discharge water when use a single value as the whole datum temperature field; Based on the anomalous characteristics identification of the “Temperature-Depth” and “Salinity-Depth” vertical profile of the sea water that measured in the satellite-land simultaneous experiment, and solved the technique problem that cannot directly implement the authentic examination of the datum temperature field due to the influence of thermal pollution from the warm discharge water. Through the research of this project, it can further improve the theoretical basis and method of warm discharge water remote sensing monitoring, and also provide a strong environment monitoring and protection support for the healthy development of China’s nuclear power industry.