红移5以上类星体的观测发现和多波段性质研究

对高红移类星体的研究不仅有助于我们了解与其高光度、多波段辐射相关的超大质量黑洞吸积和喷流的物理过程,而且能为我们提供重要的探针来研究遥远宇宙的大尺度结构、星系际介质和宇宙学参数。但目前对红移5以上之间的类星体的研究还很缺乏。本项目将基于最新的光学和红外巡天的测光数据提出并不断完善有效选取红移5以上类星体的选源判据,并利用我国2米级望远镜以及国外2－8米望远镜的光谱观测,证认发现一批红移5以上的类星体。通过利用国外多波段天文设备对红移5以上类星体样本进行的后续观测,在高红移类星体黑洞质量、尘埃辐射、寄主星系、恒星形成等重要课题的研究上取得较大进展。利用较完备的样本获得红移5 以上类星体的较准确的光度函数、黑洞质量函数并研究其吸积过程、黑洞增长历史和类星体与星系际介质从红移7到5的可能演化。

The study on high redshift quasars not only can help us to understand the physics on their high luminosity, multi-wavelength radiation, black hole accretion and jet process, but also can provide us an important probe on the large scale structure, inter-galactic medium and cosmological constants. However, there are relatively little studies on quasars with redshifts beyond 5..We will study the selection criteria for quasars with redshifts beyond 5 based on recently updated optical and near-infrared photometric survey data. Using two 2-meter size telescopes in China and several 2-8m telescopes outside China, we will discover many new quasars with redshifts beyond 5 from the optical spectroscopic observations. With the multi-wavelength international facilities we will carry out follow-up observations on these new quasars at z>5 and make significant progress in studying their black hole masses, dust emissions, host galaxies and star formations. Based on the accurate luminosity function and black hole mass function obtained from a relatively complete sample of quasars at z>5, we will study the accretion process, black hole growth and the possible evolutions of quasars and IGM from redshift 7 to redshift 5.