优异宽光谱响应的硅纳米倒金字塔阵列背钝化太阳电池研究

硅纳米结构阵列因其优异的陷光性能在高效晶硅太阳电池中存在巨大应用潜力。本项目提出一种将正面硅纳米倒金字塔阵列与背面钝化结构结合的新型光伏器件—硅纳米倒金字塔阵列背钝化太阳电池，其中：引入正面硅纳米倒金字塔的目的是提高器件的短波光谱响应，引入背面钝化的目的是提升器件的长波光谱响应。本项目期望通过硅纳米倒金字塔阵列背钝化太阳电池器件物理机制研究、硅纳米倒金字塔阵列制备和光电优化、背反射器光电性能提升以及器件综合光电管理等，实现该新型太阳电池在宽波段上的优异光谱响应，最终使太阳电池转换效率在大面积（156 mm×156 mm）上达到21.0-22.0%，并解决叠层薄膜+纳米阵列复合结构的联合散射和反射机制、发射极光电平衡等核心科学问题。该新型电池工艺简单，成本低且全部工艺与现有生产线兼容，一旦成功即可投入大规模生产。本项目研究将为新型高效太阳电池发展注入新活力，并产生极大社会经济效益。

Silicon (Si) nanostructured arrays possess great potentials in the high-efficient crystalline Si solar cells, due to the excellent light-trapping effect of the Si nanostructured arrays. In this project, we propose a novel Si nano-inverted-pyramid arrays PERC (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell) photovoltaic device combining the front Si nano-inverted- pyramid arrays with the rear surface passivation. Employing the front Si nano-inverted-pyramid arrays is to improve the short wavelength spectral response, meanwhile the purpose of the rear surface passivation is to improve the long wavelength spectral response. In this project, we anticipate to achieve an efficiency of 21.0-22.0% (standard solar wafer size of 156 mm×156 mm) of this novel solar cell with excellent broad wavelength spectral response, and solve the key scientific issues including the combined scattering and antireflection mechanism of nanostructured arrays buried by stack thin films，and the tradeoff of the optical and electrical performance of the emitter, by studying the device physics, preparation and photoelectric optimization of Si nano-inverted-pyramid arrays, optical and electrical performance improvement of rear reflector and integrated optimization of device system. Importantly, the processes of this novel solar cell are simple, low-cost and completely compatible with those of the current production line, which is in favor of the mass production. This project will inject new vitality to the high-efficient solar cell industry and bring great economic returns.