0-6岁儿童意外伤害社区干预技术与激励机制研究——以东部城市为例

意外伤害严重威胁儿童健康，是导致儿童残疾与死亡的首要原因。随着均等化政策的实施，我国已构建了基于社区的0-6岁儿童保健服务网络，采取了系列措施，但效果不佳。研究与实践均提示，城市化、机动化带来更多元复杂的危险因素；东部城市尤其突出，关键的危险因素已经发生了变化，急需在系统分析儿童意外伤害影响因素基础上，形成针对需方和供方的干预技术及机制：即适宜的家长干预技术与促使社区儿童保健人员积极干预家长的激励机制。.本研究首先分析儿童意外伤害影响因素；其次，借鉴量表研制方法研究家长干预技术，即家长安全素养快速评估表、居家安全评估表、儿童行为家长评估表、环境重大风险快速评估表；然后，基于多任务委托代理理论研究供方激励机制，构建适合不同城市的实现路径；最后，选择典型社区研制实施策略并开展实证干预，进行系统评价。最终形成在类似城市可推广的家长干预模式及实施策略，形成操作指南，为儿童意外伤害预防提供支撑。

Unintentional injury seriously threatens children's health and is the leading cause of disability and death. With the implementation of equalization policy, China has built a community-based health care service network for children aged 0 to 6 years, and adopted a series of measures, but the effect is not ideal. Both research and practice suggest that urbanization and motorization bring more complex risk factors, especially in eastern cities, where the key risk factors have changed. It is urgent to form systematic intervention technologies and mechanism for the parents and providers on the basis of systematic analysis of the influencing factors of children's unintentional injuries: appropriate parental intervention technologies and motivation mechanism for promoting the community child health care services providers to educating the parents actively. .Firstly, this study will analyze the influencing factors of children's unintentional injuries. Secondly, based on the method of developing scales, this study will develop parental intervention technologies: rapid assessment form of parents' safety literacy, home safety assessment form, parents' assessment form of children's behaviors and rapid assessment form of major environmental risks. Thirdly, it will develop motivation mechanism for the providers based on multi-task principal-agent theory, and form appropriate implementation paths based on the theories of project management for different types of cities. Fourthly, it will select typical communities, develop the implementation strategies and conduct empirical studies, which will be systematically evaluated. Finally, it will form the model of parental intervention and implementation strategies that can be used in similar cities, and form operational guidelines to provide support for the prevention of children's unintentional injuries.