结合重要性-绩效分析法的居住环境入住后评价研究——以天津市城市边缘住区可持续性评价为例

本研究针对建成环境入住后评价（POE）的理论缺陷 -- 评价目标的设定主体（建成环境的设计者）和建成环境实际绩效的评价主体（建成环境的使用者）不一致，提出以跨学科借鉴为手段的解决方案。具体而言，就是将广泛应用于服务行业领域的重要性-绩效分析法（IPA）引入POE，在采集设计者对建成环境各指标重要性评价和使用者对所处环境各指标实际绩效评价之外，增加使用者对建成环境各指标重要性的评价；继而，（1）基于统计学工具，通过比较设计者和使用者对各指标重要性的评价，来修正设计目标和评价标准；（2）通过IPA分析,得到使用者对各指标的重要性评价和实际绩效评价的函数关系，以此为基础形成入住后评价结果。本研究拟将这一方法应用于天津市城市边缘住区的可持续性评价。通过实证研究，在理论层面，确立针对居住环境的IPA-POE评价框架及评价方法；在实践层面，为我国城市边缘住区可持续设计提供科学决策依据。

Aimed at filling the theoretical gap of current Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) of the built environment, i.e. the inconsistency between the evaluation criteria decision-makers and built environment performance evaluators, the study proposes an innovative solution based on the integration of Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA), a quality assessment method widely used in the service industries, with current POE methods. By extending current POE to include Importance evaluation of built environment criteria by built environment users, the IPA-POE method is able to reveal: (1) the statistical relation between the perceived importance of built environment criteria of designers and users of the built environment; and (2) the function between importance and performance evaluations of built environment criteria, based on which an user-centred evaluation can be made. In this study, IPA-POE method is applied to the post-occupancy evaluation of peri-urban residential communities in Tianjin. Through empirical study, the framework and evaluation method of IPA-POE are developed as a theoretical contribution; as a practical contribution, empirical findings are made to support decision-making on the sustainable design of peri-urban residential communities.