草坪草币斑病病原菌对二甲酰亚胺类杀菌剂抗药性检测及抗性机理研究

币斑病 (Sclerotinia homoeocarpa)是全球范围内可危害几乎所有草种的重要草坪草病害。由于田间杀菌剂的不合理使用，币斑病病原菌对二甲酰亚胺类杀菌剂 (DCFs)的敏感性逐步降低，抗性问题的发展，不仅增加了草坪草病害管理工作的难度，同时对环境造成十分恶劣的影响。然而其抗性机理至今仍不清楚，我国亦没有在草坪上开展抗药性检测相关方面的工作。本项目以草坪草币斑病病原菌为研究对象，在我国海南省开展币斑病病原菌对DCFs敏感性检测，揭示药剂使用年限，施用频率，施用量对病原菌抗药性发展的影响；研究不同抗性水平菌株的普通生物学和分子生物学特征，明确抗性菌株环境适应性机制与基因突变位点；并通过基因敲除技术分析币斑病病原菌双组分组氨酸激酶基因功能与抗药性的关系。研究结果将有助于了解我国币斑病病原菌对DCFs抗药性现状，揭示其抗性分子机理，以期为科学合理的制定币斑病化学防治方法提供理论依据。

The dollar spot, caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, is an important turfgrass disease that infects almost all turf species worldwide. Because of unreasonable fungicide usage in filed, the sensitivity of S. homoeocarpa to most of fungicides especially for dicarboximidae (DCFs) gradually decreased. The development of fungicide resistance not only increases the difficulty of turfgrass diseases management, but also brings lots of serious environment problems with more fungicides application. The improving resistance of S. homoeocarpa strains to DCFs fungicides have been widely documented in worldwide, however, the resistance mechanism is still unclear and there is no fungicides resistance study on turfgrass in China. The project will focus on fungicides resistance of S. homoeocarpa and explore the DCFs resistance of S. homoeocarpa isolates collected from Hainan province and the effects of fungicide application date, application frequency and amount on the resistance of S. homoeocarpa. Based on these selection, the biology and molecular characteristics of S. homoeocarpa isolates with different resistance level will be evaluated and the gene loci interacted with DCFs will be identified by aids of gene knocking technology to clarify the current resistance situation of field S. homoeocarpa to DCFs and molecular resistance mechanisms. This study will provide the theory basic for reasonable design and guide the chemical control of dollar spot.