磨矿介质对黄铜矿表面特性及可浮性影响机制研究

陶瓷球凭借耐磨性好、密度小、无铁质污染等优势逐渐取代钢球作为搅拌磨机的磨矿介质。不同磨矿介质作用下黄铜矿可浮性存在明显差异，但目前就磨矿介质与黄铜矿颗粒表面特性、药剂吸附行为及浮游特性相互影响的科学问题还缺少深入认识。本项目拟采用SEM-EDS、TOF-SIMS、XPS、AFM、FTIR等检测手段和MS模拟软件，结合物理力学、电化学、表面化学、量子力学等经典理论，系统深入地探究钢球、氧化铝陶瓷球、氧化锆陶瓷球和硅铝复合陶瓷球对黄铜矿颗粒形状指数、表面离子吸附、晶面暴露比例及表面粗糙度等特性的影响规律，查明不同磨矿介质作用下黄铜矿表面药剂的吸附行为、黄铜矿浮游特性及浮选动力学的差异，揭示羟基铁配合物的形成机制及其对捕收剂在黄铜矿表面吸附的抑制机理，解析磨矿介质与黄铜矿浮游特性相互影响的物理化学本质，形成“磨矿介质-浮选界面”调控机制，为优化黄铜矿磨矿介质选择，强化黄铜矿浮选回收奠定理论基础。

With the advantages of good wear resistance, low density and no iron pollution, ceramic ball is gradually replacing steel ball as grinding medium of stirring mill. There are obvious differences in the flotability of chalcopyrite ground using different grinding media. However, the research is not thorough enough on the effects of grinding media on the surface characteristics and flotation performance of chalcopyrite grinding products. Thus, combining with classical theories including physical mechanics, electrochemistry, surface chemistry and quantum mechanics, in the present work, firstly, the effects of grinding media on shape index, ion adsorption on the surface, exposure ratio of crystal surface, surface roughness of chalcopyrite grinding products will be investigated via SEM-EDS, TOF-SIMS, XPS, AFM, FTIR and MS simulation software. Secondly, the differences in the adsorption behaviors of flotation reagents on the chalcopyrite surfaces, flotability and flotation kinetics of chalcopyrite ground with different media will be studied. Thirdly, the formation mechanism of hydroxyl iron complexes produced in grinding solution system and its depressing mechanism on the collector adsorption on the chalcopyrite surface will be revealed. Finally, the physical-chemistry essence of the interaction between grinding media and flotability of chalcopyrite will be analyzed. Through these studies, it is expected to establish a control mechanism of “grinding medium-flotation interface”, which will lay a theoretical foundation for optimizing the selection of grinding medium and strengthening the flotation recovery of chalcopyrite.