台风浪作用下淤泥质潮滩的浮泥形成演化机理及其地貌效应

淤泥质潮滩是海岸带重要的生态系统，对海洋减灾也有重要的价值。台风浪极易导致淤泥质潮滩的底床液化，形成浮泥层，既能有效地耗散波能，同时引起泥沙输移，是潮滩地貌演变的重要因素之一。但现有研究缺乏对底床弹塑性、浮泥流变等机制的考虑，是台风浪与浮泥耦合作用下淤泥质潮滩演变的研究难点。本项目以舟山摘箬山岛淤泥质潮滩为典型为例，聚焦台风浪—淤泥流变—及其耦合作用下淤泥质潮滩演变这个科学问题，结合野外现场观测、实验分析与理论研究，以波浪-浮泥相互作用力学机制为切入点，研究淤泥质底床粘弾塑性特征和浮泥流变机制，揭示浮泥层形成演化的主导动力因素，总结台风浪作用下淤泥质潮滩地貌演变的科学规律。本研究有望获得台风浪作用下淤泥质潮滩演变的关键科学数据和新机理，为海岸带防灾减灾、生态环境保护提供科学依据。

The muddy tidal flat plays an important role in the coastal ecosystem protection and marine-hazards reduction. During storm waves, the seabed of a muddy tidal flat can absorb much wave energy and become liquefied, forming a highly suspended sediment layer called fluid-mud layer. The fluid-mud layer can effectively dissipate wave energy and transport a large amount of sediment, becoming a principal factor in the geomorphologic evolution of muddy tidal flats. However in current studies, the effects of seabed elasto-plasticity and the rheological characteristics of fluid mud, as well as the combined effects of storm waves and fluid-mud response on the geomorphologic evolution of muddy tidal flats are seldom considered. This study choose the muddy tidal flat of Zhairuoshan Island in Zhoushan as an typical region, to focus on the issue of interaction between storm waves and fluid mud, as well as the resultant coupling effects on the geomorphologic evolution of muddy tidal flats. By field observation, numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, the elastic-plastic characteristics of seabed and fluid-mud rheology would be studied, and the interaction of waves and fluid mud would be concerned to capture the leading dynamic factors of fluid-mud generation and evolution, so as to explain the mechanism of the geomorphologic evolution of muddy tidal flat during storm waves. This study would obtain critical data and new mechanism about the evolution of muddy tidal flat during storm waves, which would provide scientific basis for disaster prevention and mitigation of coastlines, as well as environment protection.