多孔菌目原毛平革菌类真菌的分类与系统发育研究

原毛平革菌类真菌是指形态上跟原毛平革菌属相似亲缘关系又接近的一大类革菌，包括11属约190种。他们在系统发育树上分布在担子菌门多孔菌目的原毛平革菌科、耙齿菌科和皱皮菌科分枝中。这类真菌在自然界广泛存在，引起各种木材的白色腐朽，具有重要的生态学意义。尽管国内外菌物学家曾对该类群真菌开展过系统性的研究，但是目前该类真菌在热带和亚热带地区的物种多样性还有待于进一步挖掘；很多已知种类的分类地位还不明确；各个属（分枝）之间的形态界定还不清晰；他们与其他类群（如射脉菌属和蜡孔菌属）的系统发育关系尚未理清。本项目拟在全国范围内开展该类真菌的资源调查，通过对标本和菌种材料进行现代形态学和分子系统学的研究，弄清楚他们在我国的物种多样性，解决该类真菌内部以及他们与相近类群之间存在的分类和系统发育关系问题，完善多孔菌目更加自然合理的分类系统，为我国森林真菌资源的保护和利用提供基础依据。

Phanerochaetoid fungi is a group of corticioid fungi, which are morphologically similar and phylogenetically close to Phanerochaete. This group includes about 190 species in 11 genera. They nested within Phanerochaetaceae, Irpicaceae and Meruliaceae clades of the Polyporales. Phanerochaetoid fungi are widely distributed in nature and ecologically important by causing white rots of all kinds of wood. Although this group has been intensively studied by mycologists, at present (1) the biodiversity in tropical and subtropical areas is still understudied; (2) many species are not sequenced and phylogenetically studied; (3) the morphological circumscriptions between some genera or clades are unclear; (4) the phylogenetic relationship between Phanerochaetoid fungi and related genera, such as Phlebia s.l. and Ceriporia s.l., are not resolved. Thus, in this project, we first plan to carry out a national wide survey of Phanerochaetoid fungi in different types of forest. Then, we discuss and resolve the taxonomic and phylogenetic problems of Phanerochaetoid fungi and the related groups by studying the specimens and cultures through modern methods. The results of this project can help to improve a natural and reasonable taxonomic system of Polyporales, and provide basic supports for the protection and utilization of the forest fungi resources.