基于台风地震信号特征的小尺度地球圈层耦合机制研究

大气层、海洋和固体地球并非是孤立的圈层，而是通过一些机制耦合在一起的一个地球系统。台风源于大气层强烈的空气扰动，这种扰动通过与海水作用形成海浪，海浪与海岸作用，引发在固体地球中传播的弹性波，最终会被地震记录仪记录下来，成为我们在研究天然地震时传统意义上的背景噪音。然而这种噪音却为我们研究圈层耦合提供了非常重要的线索。本项目将结合天然地震学和物理海洋学的技术和理论来分析和研究台风-海洋-陆地的耦合机制，采取实际观测与物理模拟相结合的方法在中国东海和南海就这一耦合过程进行研究。我们将首先从地震信号中准确地提取台风、海洋信号，找到它们在地震记录上的时间域、频率域和空间域特征；然后与物理海洋的观测资料进行对比，结合台风登陆附近的海底地形和海岸线，分析影响海-陆耦合的因素；最终在实际观测和解释的基础上，进行理论计算，建立小尺度台风-海洋-陆地耦合与能量传递方面的理论模型。

Ocean storms on seismic records reveal small-scale coupling mechanisms among Earth's spheres. Strong atmospheric disturbances interact with ocean and form ocean storms. Ocean waves caused by ocean storms propagate towards coasts and interact with the seafloor, generating seismic motions in the solid Earth which are then recorded by seismometers as so-called "seismic noises". Such noises provide us very important clues to study the coupling mechanisms of Earth's different spheres. We will combine the technologies and theories from Seismology and Physical Oceanography to study the coupling mechanism of storm-ocean-continent. We will also combine observations and modelling together to study the above coupling process and our study areas are focused in Souch China Sea and East China Sea. Firstly, we will analyze temporal, spectral, and spatial signatures of storms and other ocean events on seismic records. Secondly, we will compare the results from seismolgy with the data from Physical Oceanography, taking into account the topography, steepness and geometry of coastlines, to identify the key elements in controlling the coupling of ocean and continent. Finally, based on the above observations and interpretations, we are aiming to build a theoretical model for the small scale coupling process of storm-ocean-continent.