基于自有微孔聚合物（PIMs）的交联型超微孔阴离子电解质膜的研究

阴离子电解质膜（AEM）是碱性膜燃料电池的核心组件之一。目前离子电导率偏低和稳定性较差是制约AEM发展的两大难题。自有微孔聚合物（PIMs）所具备的由大分子链不完全堆积而形成的高孔隙率且相互连通的纳米相分离结构，十分适合作为燃料电池碱性电解质膜的离子传输通道载体。本项目将制备一系列基于功能化PIMs的交联型超微孔阴离子电解质膜，通过分子设计、共聚合反应来调控PIMs分子组成、孔隙分布和贯通性；通过离子化基团修饰和交联方法赋予其导电性和稳定性，探明超微孔交联膜PIMs-AEM微通道中阴离子的传输机制和气体渗透行为及其相互作用机理；以提高碱性阴离子膜燃料电池性能为导向，阐释超微孔PIMs-AEM分子组成、微观结构与离子传导率、稳定性及气体渗透性的构效关系，为获得高性能燃料电池阴离子电解质膜材料提供新思路。

Anion electrolyte membrane (AEM) is one of the key components for alkaline AEM fuel cells. Relatively low ionic conductivity and poor durability are the main problems hindering the development of AEMs. Polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) have characteristics of micropores and interconnected microphase nanostructure due to the incomplete stacking of macromolecular chains, and thus have great potential as ionic conduction channels in AEMs of alkaline fuel cell. This proposal focuses on fabrication of a series of crosslinked ultramicroporous AEMs based on PIMs through polymeric design and syntheses to gain controllable molecular composition, microporous distribution, and interconnected channel structure. The PIMs will be modified with ionic functional groups and crosslinkers to be endowed with both conducting performance and stability. The anionic transport mechanism and gas permeation property in the ultramicroporous PIMs-AEM will be studied theoretically. Aiming at the performance improvement for AEMFCs, the project will describe the “structure-property” correlation between PIMs-AEM molecular composition, microstructure, ionic conductivity, membrane stability and gas permeation, and finally provide effective novel methods to improve the performance of AEMs.