微生物自组装钯金双金属强化氯代污染物还原脱氯及作用机制

钯金双金属对于强化高毒性氯代有机物的深度去除有重要研究意义。而传统异位生物合成-催化污染物降解过程存在双金属混合模式不可控、纳米颗粒易流失和催化机制不明晰等问题。项目基于微生物胞外电子传递和双金属催化加氢脱氯理论，提出利用电活性生物膜原位自组装钯金双金属（Au@Pd），构建“电极-生物膜-Au@Pd”催化体系强化氯代污染物还原脱氯的研究思路。重点研究：电极“诱导”定向驱动生物膜高效形成，剖析细胞单元与双金属自组装（核壳式、混合式）的响应关系，优化Au@Pd自组装调控策略；探究“电极-生物膜-Au@Pd”催化典型氯酚和氯代吡啶酸脱氯转化规律，明晰催化体系特殊空间结构与催化性能的内在构效关系；解析微生物代谢网络、功能蛋白表达和电子传递通路特性，阐明氯代污染物催化转化机制，揭示电极、微生物与双金属的协同作用机理。拟为适用性强、可调控的生物自组装双金属催化脱氯体系开发与应用提供理论依据和技术基础。

Biological preparation of palladium-gold bimetal has important research significance for enhancing the advanced removal of highly toxic chlorinated organic compounds. However, there are key problems in the process from conventional biosynthesis to the degradation of pollutants, such as uncontrollable bimetallic mixing mode, easy loss of nanoparticles and unclear catalytic mechanism. Here, the applicant proposes a novel strategy to enhance the performance on hydrodechlorination of chlorinated pollutants by using the electroactive biofilm (EAB) in-situ self-assembled gold-palladium bimetal to construct an "electrode-biofilm-Au@Pd" catalytic system. The main contents of the project include the following: The impact factors and controllable strategies for the efficient formation of typical EAB and in-situ self-assembled Au@Pd are investigated, as well as the response relationship between microbial cell units and bimetallic configuration (core-shell, mixed) is explored; The intrinsic correlation between special space structure and catalytic performance of "electrode-biofilm-Au@Pd" catalytic system, and the catalytic rules for typical chlorophenol and chloropyridine pollutants is studied; The characteristics of the microbial metabolic network, functional protein expression and electron transfer pathway are further elucidated, and the possible synergistic mechanisms of electrodes, microorganisms and bimetal to enhance the reductive dechlorination of chlorinated pollutants are proposed. The program is expected to improve the current theory and technologies of economic and green biological self-assembly system and facilitate its application on the chlorinated pollutants management issue.