海表面流矢量和海面风矢量是海洋和气象领域中诸多过程中最基本、最重要的要素，它们对海洋和气候变化研究、海上交通运输安全、海洋工程开发、军事活动等都有着十分重要的意义。尽管卫星遥感海面风场技术较为成熟，但对于近岸高分辨率的风场遥感还存在一定的困难，另外海表流场遥测一直未能很好地解决，因此有必要开展高分辨率获取海面流矢量和风矢量遥测方法研究。本研究将首次提出角度分集SAR系统，试图从雷达系统设计和应用需求（风场反演、流场反演等）的角度出发，确定波束指向角度的个数以及波束间夹角大小的最优值、系统的发射功率以及适合的PRF等雷达系统参数，系统研究角度分集SAR成像理论和方法；利用数值仿真技术开展角度分集SAR海面流场与风场反演的基本原理与方法研究，建立海面流场、风场反演算法及流场与风场联合反演算法；分析和研究影响海洋动力参数反演精度的因素，建立其反演精度与SAR波束之间夹角大小的关系。

The sea surface current vector and the wind vector are the most basic and important ocean dynamical parameters in the ocean and atmosphere research field. These parameters are of extremely vital significance in their research on ocean and climate change, sea transportation safety, marine engineering, military activities and so on. Although technologies for satellite remote sensing of sea surface wind field are relatively mature, there still exist some difficulties in offshore high-resolution wind field remote sensing. Besides, up to now, remote sensing of sea surface current field has not been solved well. In view of the aforementioned points, it is necessary to carry out research on the technologies for high-resolution remote sensing of the sea surface current vector and the wind vector. In this research, we will first propose a novel radar system, named angle-diversity SAR, aimed at the retrieval of sea surface current field and sea surface wind field. From the point of view of radar system design and practical applications (e.g., sea surface wind vector and current vector retrievals, etc.), radar system parameters, including the number of beam pointing angles, the optimal angles between different beams, the radar transmission power, and the suitable PRF, will be determined. The imaging theory and method of the angle-diversity SAR will be investigated in detail. The basic principles of sea surface current vector and wind vector retrieval associated with the angle-diversity SAR will be studied using numerical simulations. Afterwards, the algorithms for retrieving the sea surface current field, the sea wind field, as well as the joint current and wind fields, will be developed respectively. The factors that influence the inversion accuracy of the marine dynamic parameters will be studied. The relations between the inversion accuracy and the angle between SAR beams will be established.