金属/介质逾渗复合功能单元构筑及超材料阵列电磁响应机理

超材料是一类可以通过功能单元的有序设计而实现天然材料所不具备的超常物理性质的人工材料体系。超材料性能的实现取决于功能单元的物性设计和结构设计，但功能单元的物性、构型及构筑工艺与超材料性能的调控及应用之间仍缺乏系统的理论支撑。因此，本项目拟首先以金属/介质逾渗复合材料体系为切入点，利用近逾渗区的非线性突变，设计并制备具有低电导率、高传输损耗特性的复合材料，并以该类材料作为功能单元构筑“近逾渗型”超材料；然后，结合电磁仿真设计，研究并阐明复合材料功能单元的物性和构型对超材料电磁响应的影响规律和作用机理；最后，探明利用复合材料功能单元调控超材料性能的设计原则，建立基于逾渗体系的超材料性能设计及调控的理论框架。本项目获得的结果将为超材料的性能设计及调控提供坚实的理论基础和技术支持，也将推进超材料在电磁功能材料领域的实用化进程。

Metamaterials are artificial materials which can achieve the extraordinary physical properties not found in natural materials through the ordered building blocks. They have important research value and application potential in the fields of aerospace communication, military stealth and wireless power-transmission. The performances of metamaterials depend on the elaborate design for physical properties and structures of building blocks. However, the current research on building blocks is mainly focused on metal-based, dielectric-based, and superconductor-based metamaterials. Metamaterials with low conductivity and high electromagnetic loss building blocks have rarely been reported. Therefore, in this project, the composites of metal and dielectrics are used to prepare materials with low electrical conductivity and high transmission loss properties by the nonlinear mutation near percolation. And near-percolation type metamaterials are built and constructed by the obtained composite blocks. Combined with electromagnetic simulation, the influences of physical properties and geometric parameters for composite building blocks on metamaterials electromagnetic performances are investigated and elucidated, and the accurate relationship between structure and performance is established. Precise regulations of metamaterial performance are achieved by designing the microstructures of percolation-type building blocks. The results of this project not only provide a solid theoretical and technical support for metamaterial performances realization and regulation, but also propel the utilization of metamaterials in the fields of electromagnetic attenuation and absorbing.