新疆伊犁盆地是我国重要的煤产地，也是主要产铀盆地，部分煤中富集放射性核素238U、232Th、226Ra、40K以及有害微量元素砷、硒、汞、铅等，直接燃烧利用会造成辐射污染，那么这些有害元素是怎么富集的？怎么脱除洁净？针对此科学问题，本项目基于洗选、燃烧、吸附等实验，采用电镜、质谱、同位素以及γ能谱仪等分析手段，研究：（1）伊犁煤中放射性核素与汞、铅等有害微量元素的分布赋存特征及其富集机理；（2）煤及其燃烧产物中铀、钍、镭、钾的放射性地球化学特征（比活度）；（3）煤中放射性核素在选煤过程中的分配特征，在燃烧过程中的迁移特征。在此基础上，提出煤铀共伴生资源合理的开采建议、科学的煤以及燃煤产物中放射性核素的辐射安全评价标准，拟构建原料煤—燃烧过程-燃烧产物中放射性核素与有害微量元素的协同脱除工艺。研究成果试图为伊犁煤炭科学合理的开发以及煤利用过程中污染控制提供科学依据。

The Yili Basin in Xinjiang Province is an important coal-producing area in China and also a major uranium-producing basin. Some of the coal is enriched with radionuclide 238U, 232Th, 226Ra, 40K and toxic trace elements such as arsenic, selenium, mercury, and lead. The direct combustion and utilization of this kind of coals will cause radiation pollution. How to remove and clean the pollutant elements? In view of this scientific problem, this project are based on coal preparation, combustion, adsorption and other experiments, using electron microscopy, mass spectrometry, isotope and gamma spectrometer and other analytical means to study the following contents:(1) the distribution and occurrence modes of radionuclides and toxic trace elements such as mercury and lead in Yili coal and their enrichment mechanism; (2) the radioactive geochemical characteristics (specific activity) of 238U、232Th、226Ra、40K in coal and its combustion products; (3) the distribution and migration characteristics of radionuclides in coal during coal preparation and combustion. On this basis, reasonable mining suggestions for co-associated resources of coal and uranium, as well as scientific radiation safety evaluation standards for radionuclides in coal and coal-burning products will be proposed, and a process for the synergistic removal of radioactive elements in raw coal-combustion process-combustion products will be constructed. The results are intended to provide a scientific basis for the scientific and reasonable development of coal in Yili and the pollution control during coal utilization.