子宫内膜作为胚胎质量控制的质检员在种植前对胚胎进行检视，其功能的正常与否直接关系到妊娠结局。内膜的周期性重铸可理解为一种受性激素和环境因素调控的自限性炎症，而环境压力可打破既有的免疫稳态，影响炎症消退，进而引发能量供求关系的巨变，机体和细胞面临严峻的生存考验。调节性T细胞（Tregs）在小鼠和人类妊娠的不同时空参与母体免疫微环境自稳和母胎冲突调解，母胎界面Tregs数量或功能的异常与妊娠障碍有关。本研究拟通过差异性分析、生物信息学、功能获得与功能失活等研究策略，分析低氧诱导因子-1α（HIF-1α）与雌激素协同作用对Tregs分化与功能的影响以及参与该协调机制的信号通路网络和关键节点分子，并初步探讨不同病理生理来源的Tregs对子宫内膜微环境所产生的后续影响。本研究结果将有助于增进我们对子宫内膜微环境重建机制的认识，为理解导致早期胚胎丢失的原因，开发潜在的检测靶点和治疗方案提供科学证据。

The endometrium acts as the quality inspector that examine the embryo quality before implantation, and whether it works well is directly associated with the pregnancy outcomes. The cyclical remodeling of the endometrium can be regarded as a self-limiting inflammatory process that is regulated by sex hormones and environmental factors. However, the unwanted stress can break the endometrial immune homeostasis, interfere the inflammation resolution, and result in the imbalance of energy supply and demand for the endometrial reconstruction. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are involved in the immune self-stabilization of the maternal immune microenvironment and mitigation of maternal-fetal conflict in different temporal and spatial conditions during both mice and human pregnancies. Abnormal quantity or function of Tregs in the maternal-fetal interface is correlated to the pregnancy disorders. In this study, we will use comparative analysis of the differentiation, bioinformatics analysis, gain-of-function and loss-of-function strategies, aiming to evaluate the synergistic effects of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and estrogen on Tregs, and the pathway networks, as well as the node molecules involved in this cooperative regulation. We will further seek to explore the impacts on the endometrial microenvironment and function by the Tregs derived from different pathological and physiological states. The results of this study will help to improve the understanding of the mechanisms of endometrial microenvironment reconstruction, to provide an insight into understanding the causes of early pregnancy loss, and to provide scientific evidence for exploring potential monitoring targets and intervention strategies.