大白菜—甘蓝易位系遗传变异规律及几个重要性状的基因鉴定及其调控机制研究

该申报项目是在创制了大量特色大白菜—甘蓝易位系的基础上，充分发挥大白菜基因组背景下，甘蓝基因组序列高精度鉴定的生物信息分析的技术优势，从全基因组水平，精准分析易位系中添加的外源甘蓝染色体片段，及其插入到大白菜基因组中的位置，阐明受体大白菜基因组的遗传和表观遗传变异分布模式和规律，分析这些变异与性状的关联及其作用，探索基于大白菜与甘蓝的种间杂交创制易位系的机制与规律。为人工培育蔬菜的重要新物种、新品种提供新的、更完善的科学依据。针对易位系性状变异的3类不同情况，对大白菜复杂性状-叶球抱合方式，易位系产生的新性状-根膨大，和易位系产生的大白菜所不具备的甘蓝特有的新性状-较高RAA含量，进行多角度（遗传、表观遗传），多层次（表型、组织细胞、代谢物质、DNA、RNA、蛋白、转基因验证）研究，全面、深入挖掘性状相关基因及其调控机制。为实现大白菜重要性状的分子设计育种，改良大白菜提供科学依据。

On the basis of creating a number of characteristic Chinese cabbage-cabbage translocation lines, to leverage the strengths of biological information analysis that genomes of Chinese cabbage and cabbage can be analyzed simultaneously, added alien cabbage chromosome segment and the inserted position in the Chinese cabbage genome will be accuratly analyzed. Patterns and rules of epigenetic and genetic variation in the genome of receptor Chinese cabbage will be show. Association and function will be analyzed between abovementioned variation and traits. The mechanism and rule of creating translocation lines based on interspecific hybridization between Chinese cabbage and cabbage can be explored. It provides a new and more perfect scientific basis for the artificial cultivation of important new species and new varieties in agriculture. For three different types of characteristics variation in translocation lines, complex trait-shape in top head, new trait - expanded root，and new traits specific to cabbage that Chinese cabbage does not possess - high RAA content will be studied from multiple perspectives (genetic and epigenetics) and from multiple levels (phenotype, tissue cells, metabolites, DNA, RNA, protein and transgenic verification)，it is expected to make a breakthrough to fully and deeply explore the genes related to traits and their regulatory mechanisms. These results will provide scientific basis for molecular design breeding of important characters and improvement of Chinese cabbage.