重油热转化过程中自由基变化与结焦规律研究

重油加氢是重质石油资源高效清洁利用的重要途径，但过程中存在结焦问题。重油结焦的化学本质是重油热转化过程中自由基产生速率与供氢速率不匹配，导致自由基碎片缩聚，但前人对该反应历程认识不足。本项目以认识并调控重油自由基反应、进而抑制结焦为目标，重点研究该过程中的自由基变化规律和结焦规律，主要包括：反应过程中脂肪碳结构向芳香碳结构变化的规律、重油各组分自由基的分布规律、重油结焦动力学、焦的组成和结构变化、供氢溶剂对上述过程的影响。

Hydrotreating is an important process for production of clean products from heavy oils. To advance the hydrotreating technology a number of key problems should be solved, one of them is coke deposition on the catalysts. Although this problem has been attributed to insufficient radicals’ stabilization by hydrogen, limited researches can be found in the literature on understanding the mechanism of radicals’ generation and hydrogenation. This project studies generation and reactions of radical fragments in various heavy oils during thermal conversion, and correlates them with coke formation in the heavy oils. The research includes formation of aromatic carbon from aliphatic carbon, distribution of radicals in different oil fractions, kinetics of coke formation, and changes in coke composition. The research would lead to an improvement in coking inhibition during hydrotreating of heavy oils.