基于地下隧道（洞室）施工期的粉尘扩散机理与通风控制方法

我国已建成的各类隧道、洞室计约几十万座，其中90%以上是用钻孔爆破方法完成施工的，其施工期往往长达数月乃至数年，这必将会产生大量的粉尘，严重影响了作业人员的身体健康。本项目旨在探索地下隧道（洞室）施工期间粉尘产生及扩散的共性机理、运动规律和散尘量计算方法，提出控制隧道（洞室）施工期间粉尘污染的高效通风设计原理及方法，改善作业人员工作环境。因此，该项研究是一项具有重要工程应用意义和学术理论意义的课题。. 本研究旨在通过理论分析、CFD模拟、试验室测试和典型隧道（洞室）施工现场测试：. （1）查明地下隧道（洞室）施工期多种形态粉尘扩散机理；. （2）建立粉尘污染扩散、浓度分布及散尘量计算方法；. （3）确定通风因素对粉尘污染扩散影响机理及控制方法；. （4）提出地下隧道（洞室）施工期防控粉尘职业性危害的高效通风设计原则与方法。

Project title：Dust emission and control mechanism by ventilation based on underground tunnel (cavern) construction period . There are hundreds of thousands of tunnels and caverns built in China, and more than 90% of them were constructed by drilling and blasting method. The construction period is often as long as several months or even years. This will inevitably generate a large amount of dust, which has seriously affected the health of tunnel construction workers. The project aims to explore the dust common mechanism in the process of dissipation, laws of movement and calculation method of dust bulk quantity during the construction of underground tunnel (cavern) drilling and blasting method; propose the principle and design method of high performance ventilation for dust control during construction; improve the tunnel (cavern) construction and hygienic. Therefore, this study is of significance with both engineering application and theoretical subject.. Through theoretical analysis, CFD simulation, laboratory tests, and field tests of typical tunnel (cavern) construction, it aims to:. -identify the emission mechanisms of various forms of dust in the construction period of underground tunnels (cavern);. -establish the calculation method of dust dispersion, concentration distribution and dust bulk quantity;. -determine the effects of airflow on dust pollution diffusion mechanism and control theory;. -propose the principle and design method of high performance ventilation for controlling occupational hazards.