手卫生、接触隔离、去定植化和环境清洁等措施的捆绑实施可阻断耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）在医护、环境、患者中的交叉传播，但目前尚缺乏充足证据证实不同措施对MRSA传播的阻断效应。本研究欲在既往研究的基础上，以宁夏某综合性医院为研究现场，ICU患者为研究对象，通过前瞻性巢式病例对照研究，随访观察各项措施的实施情况，以同源MRSA菌为监测目标观察MRSA在医护、环境、患者中的传播动态。基于上述研究获得的数据，配合系统文献回顾建立囊括患者、医护人员及环境因素的MRSA传播动力学模型，通过数值模拟量化不同干预模式对MRSA传播动态的影响。研究预期可明确不同干预模式下MRSA在医护人员、环境、患者中传播的流行病学关系，为制定MRSA防控的最优策略提供循证依据，对指导临床实践有重要意义。

The dundled interventions, such as hand hygiene practices, contact isolation，decolonization and environmental cleaning can block the cross-transmission of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) among health-care workers, hospital setting and patients, but such interventions, have generated controversy because of the lack of robust evidence with regard to their effectiveness at reducing MRSA transmission. Based on our previous studies, the present study will select a comprehensive hospital in Ningxia as the study site, a cohort of patients in ICU setting as objects. The prospective nested case-control study will be used to observe the practices of interventions during the follow-up period, meanwhile, the dynamic transmission of congenetic MRSA will be observed among health-care workers, environment and patients. Based on these data obtained and references from systematic reviews, the transmission dynamic model will be constructed, which including factors that influence the prevalence of MRSA infection, to perform quantitatively evaluations of the effectiveness of interventions reducing MRSA transmission. The results of this study is expected to confirm the epidemiological relationship of MRSA transmission among health-care worker, hospital setting and patients under different interventions, and to provide reliable evidence for the optimal strategy of preventing and controlling MRSA. This is of great importance to guide the clinical practice.