位于鄂西北神农架国家公园内的大九湖湿地是长江中游分布面积最大的亚热带亚高山泥炭藓沼泽，该区泥炭沉积保存的完整性和典型性对研究亚热带地区温室气体变化和碳收支具有重要价值。本研究依托申请人单位2015年在该区建成的LI-COR开路式涡度相关系统原位获取长时间连续碳通量数据；在生态系统尺度上原位同步研究泥炭地典型温室气体间和其与水、土和生物（泥炭藓等湿地植物及微生物）等环境因子的耦合关系；针对土壤微生物可培养率极低而不能有效探明泥炭地碳通量特征及其调控机理的问题，采用高通量测序新技术（二代16S rDNA测序、二代宏基因组分析、三代全长扩增子测序）还原泥炭地微生物的群落结构和功能结构。本研究旨在为进一步探明我国湿地生态系统碳通量研究空白区——亚热带泥炭湿地碳通量特征及其调控机理提供新方法，并为湿地保护、管理、服务功能评估和生态补偿提供科学数据，也将为完善我国通量观测站布点打下基础。

Dajiuhu wetland, located in the Shennongjia National Park in northwestern Hubei, is the subtropical subalpine sphagnum moss with the largest distribution in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The integrity and typicality of peat deposit as well as exelent preservation in this area are of great value for studying greenhouse gas change and carbon budget in subtropical regions. This study relies on the LI-COR open path eddy covariance system built by the applicant unit in the area in 2015 to obtain long-term continuous carbon flux data in situ. The intrinsic and simultaneous study of the coupling relationship between typical greenhouse gases in peatlands and their environmental factors such as water, soil and organisms (sphagnum peatland plants and microorganisms) will be carried out on the ecosystem scale. Aiming at the problem that peatland soil microbial cultivability is extremely low and the carbon flux characteristics and its regulation mechanism can not be effectively detected, we use high-throughput sequencing new technology (second-generation 16S rDNA sequencing, second-generation metagenomic analysis, three-generation full-length amplicon sequencing) to restore the community structure and functional structure of the peatland microbes. This study aims to provide a new method for further understanding the carbon flux characteristics of the subtropical peat wetland and its regulation mechanism in the blank area of carbon flux research in China's wetland ecosystem, and to provide scientific research for wetland protection, management, service function assessment and ecological compensation. The data will also lay the foundation for improving the distribution of China's flux observation stations.