甲型流感病毒（IAV）感染严重威胁着人类健康，加强病毒宿主相互作用的基础研究将推动IAV防控策略的发展。长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）在表观遗传、转录及转录后水平上执行着重要生物学功能，已成为各领域的研究热点，但目前对lncRNAs在IAV复制中生物学功能的了解依然非常有限。我们的前期工作发现lncRNA4参与IAV基因组RNA的转录与复制，调控病毒的感染性。本课题拟依据前期工作基础，研究lncRNA4在IAV复制过程中的生物学功能及其特异性，明确其参与病毒基因组RNA转录复制的作用环节及分子结构基础，并分别从病毒和宿主两方面因素深入探索其作用机制。本研究将为lncRNAs调控病毒复制机制这一全新领域的深入研究奠定基础，同时为发现新的抗病毒药物靶标提供重要的理论依据。

Influenza A virus(IAV) infection poses a significant threat to human health. The research about the interaction between virus and host will promote the development of IAV prevention and control. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a hot research field at present, play important roles in epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, but were known little in the IAV replication. Our preliminary study had found that lncRNA4 was involved in the transcription and replication of IAV RNA to regulate viral infectivity. In this proposed work, we will study the biological function about lncRNA4 on IAV replication, illustrate how it affects IAV replication, determine lncRNA4 important molecular structure, and further explore its mechanism from two aspects of virus and host factors. The objective of this work are not only to provide theoretical basis for development of novel antiviral drugs, but also to promote further study on molecular mechanism of lncRNAs in the regulation of viral replication.