极高能天体演化的量子场论方法

伽马射线暴是宇宙中的最剧烈的天体活动过程，可以观测到1 GeV以上能量的光子。最近的观测数据显示有些GRB光子具有很高的线性极化。GRB 041219A的极化率与光子能量成反相关，GRB 100826A的极化方向在两个相邻时间段内改变了90。对光子极化的测量为伽玛暴辐射机制的研究提供了一个很有效的手段。专门测量伽玛暴光子极化的探测仪POLAR将随我国天空实验室（天宫二号）升天。本项目将在量子场论框架内计算伽玛暴辐射模型中光子极化的模式，给出极化与其他物理测量量之间的关系。结合POLAR对伽玛暴光子极化的更精确测量进一步确认辐射机制、限制辐射模型。

Gamma-ray bursts are the most energetic explosions in the universe since the big bang. Photons with energy higher than 1 GeV have been detected in some brightest Gamma-ray bursts. Recent polarimetric observations in the prompt phase of some GRBs show that the photons are highly linearly polarized. Especially, the polarization degree of GRB 041219A is found to be anti-correlated with photon energy. More interestingly, the polarization angle of GRB 100828A shows a certain change of 90 between two adjacent time intervals. The polarization measurement provides a useful tool to check the validity of a model. POLAR-a compact detector for gamma ray bursts photon polarization measurements should be lauched with China's space laboratory (Tiangong-2). We should investigate the quantum elctrodynamical processes in the gamma ray bursts and present relations between photon polarization and other physical quantities.