基于压电驱动变形次镜的自适应望远镜技术

为了克服大气湍流的影响，采用变形次镜作为波前校正器的自适应望远镜技术是当前大口径光学望远镜的研究前沿之一。本项目针对国际上变形次镜广泛采用的音圈电机驱动器存在的线性响应差、谐振频率低、发热量大等问题，开展基于压电驱动变形次镜（我们在国际上首次成功验证，见Optics Letters 41(24), 2016）的自适应望远镜技术研究，重点突破压电驱动变形次镜的优化设计与研制、自适应望远镜中波前传感器和变形次镜之间的响应矩阵在线标校、倾斜和高阶波前像差的复合控制与校正等关键技术，并以1.8m高分辨力光电成像望远镜为平台进行试验验证，获取天文目标从可见光到近红外波段（R、I、J和H波段）接近衍射极限的高分辨力图像。在研究和实验过程中积累经验和技术，培养人才，为我国未来大型光学望远镜的研制提供支撑。

To compensate for the atmospheric turbulence, adaptive telescope technology taking the deformable secondary mirror (DSM) as the wavefront corrector is a hotspot of current research on large-aperture telescopes. In this project, considering the non-linearity, low resonant frequency and large heat dissipation of the voice coil actuators widely adopted in the deformable secondary mirrors, research on the adaptive telescope with a piezoelectric DSM (PDSM) will be carried out (fist on-sky demonstrated by the applicants, Optics Letters 41(24), 2016). Breakthroughs on the key technologies such as the optimization and manufacture of the PDSM, the on-line calibration of the interaction matrix between the PDSM and the wavefront sensor, and the compound control of tip-tilt and high-order aberration will be made. On the basis of theory and technology developed, experiments will be done on the platform of the 1.8m high-resolution imaging telescope. Near diffraction-limited high-resolution images of astronomical objects ranging from optical to infrared (R, I, J and H bands) will be obtained. Experiences, technologies and talents developed in the research and experiments will support the future development of the large-aperture optical telescopes in China.