单向导湿用类蜂巢纤维集合体材料的可控构筑及其毛细芯吸机制研究

当前导湿纤维膜材料普遍存在导湿性能差、易回渗的问题，难以满足个体防护等领域对高性能吸湿排汗面料的迫切需求。在导湿材料中构筑水分在厚度方向传导/面内扩散的定向传输通道是解决上述问题的重要途径。本项目拟研究类蜂巢纤维集合体材料的成型及调控规律，揭示材料本体结构对液态水毛细芯吸效应的增强机制，获得吸湿排汗性能优异的单向导湿材料。近期申请者通过静电纺丝技术制备出具有类蜂巢结构的单向导湿材料，但该材料易吸水溶胀且结构稳定性较差，导致其导湿及力学性能仍未达到实际应用要求。为此，本项目将开展类蜂巢纤维集合体材料的可控构筑及其单向导湿性能优化研究，确立静电聚集诱导类蜂巢堆砌结构自组装成型的边界条件，明晰粘结交联过程中纤维网络框架稳定性的调控规律，揭示蜂窝连通孔道结构对液态水毛细芯吸效应的增强机制，确立材料达到最佳单向导湿性能时的本体结构特征，实现材料拉伸强度＞10MPa、单向导湿指数＞1400%的目标。

The current moisture wicking fibrous membranes cannot satisfy the urgent requirements for high-performance moisture absorption and perspiration fabrics in individual protection and other fields due to their poor moisture transport performance and large water return permeability. To construct a directional water transport channel (i.e. water transport in the direction of thickness and diffusion in the surface) in the moisture wicking materials is an important way to solve the above problems. Herein, we will investigate the fabrication and structure regulation of the honeycomb-like unidirectional moisture transport fiber assemblies, and reveal the capillary wicking mechanism enhanced by the materials’ structures, finally, obtain a unidirectional moisture transport fibrous material with excellent hygroscopic and sweat releasing properties. Recently, we have preliminarily prepared unidirectional moisture transport fibrous materials with honeycomb-like fiber network structure by electrospinning. However, the unidirectional moisture transport performance and mechanical properties could not satisfy the requirements of practical application due to the swelling and poor structural stability of the materials. Therefore, we will carry out the controllable fabrication and performance optimization of the honeycomb-like structural fibrous materials for unidirectional moisture transport, establish the critical self-assembly forming condition of the honeycomb-like stacking structure, and clarify the stability regulating rules of fibrous network frame during the bonding and cross-linking process. Moreover, we will reveal the capillary wicking mechanism enhanced by the honeycomb-like interconnected channel structures. Finally, we will explore the optimized structure of the fibrous materials for unidirectional moisture transport performance, and achieve the materials with tensile strength > 10 MPa and one-way moisture transport capability > 1400%.